purine nucleoside catabolic process

Definition

Target type: biologicalprocess

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of purine nucleoside, one of a family of organic molecules consisting of a purine base covalently bonded to a sugar ribose (a ribonucleoside) or deoxyribose (a deoxyribonucleoside). [GOC:go_curators]

Purine nucleoside catabolic process is a fundamental biological process that breaks down purine nucleosides into simpler molecules. It is crucial for maintaining nucleotide homeostasis, preventing the accumulation of potentially harmful compounds, and providing building blocks for other metabolic pathways. The process is initiated by the enzymatic hydrolysis of the glycosidic bond between the purine base and the sugar moiety of the nucleoside. This reaction is catalyzed by purine nucleoside phosphorylases, which release the free purine base and a ribose-1-phosphate. The liberated purine base, such as adenine or guanine, can then be further catabolized through a series of enzymatic reactions. In humans, the major pathway for purine catabolism involves the conversion of adenine and guanine into uric acid, which is then excreted in urine. The breakdown of purine nucleosides is regulated by a complex network of enzymes and metabolic pathways. The activity of these enzymes can be influenced by factors such as diet, age, and genetic predisposition. Defects in purine nucleoside catabolism can lead to various disorders, including gout, Lesch-Nyhan syndrome, and deficiencies in adenosine deaminase, an enzyme involved in the purine salvage pathway. These disorders can manifest with symptoms such as joint pain, neurological abnormalities, and immune dysfunction. In summary, purine nucleoside catabolic process is a vital metabolic pathway that plays a crucial role in nucleotide homeostasis, detoxification, and the provision of metabolic precursors. Its deregulation can contribute to various pathophysiological conditions.'
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Proteins (1)

Compounds (19)