13-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid

Description

## 13-Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic Acid (13-HODE)

13-HODE is a **lipid mediator** derived from the **omega-6 fatty acid linoleic acid**. It is produced through the action of **lipoxygenases** (LOXs), specifically **13-lipoxygenase**, on linoleic acid.

**Here's why 13-HODE is important for research:**

**1. Diverse Biological Roles:**

* **Anti-inflammatory effects:** 13-HODE has been shown to suppress inflammation by inhibiting the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines. It can also modulate the expression of adhesion molecules involved in inflammatory cell recruitment.
* **Antioxidant activity:** 13-HODE can act as an antioxidant by scavenging free radicals and preventing lipid peroxidation.
* **Wound healing:** 13-HODE promotes wound healing by stimulating cell proliferation and migration.
* **Cardiovascular effects:** 13-HODE can influence blood pressure and platelet aggregation, suggesting potential roles in cardiovascular health.
* **Neuroprotection:** Studies indicate that 13-HODE may protect neurons from damage caused by oxidative stress and excitotoxicity.

**2. Potential Therapeutic Applications:**

* **Anti-inflammatory therapies:** 13-HODE's anti-inflammatory properties could be harnessed to develop novel treatments for inflammatory diseases like arthritis, asthma, and inflammatory bowel disease.
* **Wound healing treatments:** 13-HODE's ability to promote wound healing could lead to the development of topical therapies for burns and other wounds.
* **Neuroprotective agents:** 13-HODE's neuroprotective potential could be explored for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's and Parkinson's.

**3. Research Focus:**

* **Mechanisms of action:** Researchers are investigating the precise mechanisms by which 13-HODE exerts its diverse biological effects.
* **Regulation of 13-HODE production:** Understanding the factors that regulate 13-HODE production could lead to new strategies for manipulating its levels in the body.
* **Role in disease pathology:** Studies are exploring the potential roles of 13-HODE in various diseases and how it may contribute to their development and progression.

**4. Advantages for Research:**

* **Naturally occurring:** 13-HODE is found in various tissues and fluids, making it a readily available compound for research.
* **Stability:** It is relatively stable under physiological conditions, making it easier to study.
* **Accessibility:** There are various methods available for synthesizing and purifying 13-HODE, making it accessible for research purposes.

**Overall, 13-HODE is a fascinating and important molecule with diverse biological roles. Its potential therapeutic applications and the growing body of research focused on its properties make it an exciting area for further investigation.**

13-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid: RN refers to ((R)-(all-Z))-isomer; structure given in first source [Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), National Library of Medicine, extracted Dec-2023]