1,3,7,12-tetrahydroxycholanoic acid

1,3,7,12-tetrahydroxycholanoic acid is a more specific name for **cholic acid**, a primary bile acid synthesized by the liver.

Here's why it's important for research:

**1. Bile Acid Metabolism and Function:**

* **Digestion and Absorption:** Cholic acid is essential for the digestion and absorption of fats. It acts as a detergent, breaking down large fat globules into smaller droplets that can be more easily digested by enzymes.
* **Regulation of Cholesterol Levels:** Cholic acid helps regulate cholesterol levels by promoting its excretion in bile.
* **Gut Microbiome:** Cholic acid interacts with gut bacteria, influencing their composition and function.

**2. Medical Applications:**

* **Gallstone Treatment:** Cholic acid is used in some medications to dissolve gallstones.
* **Liver Disease Research:** Studying cholic acid metabolism can help understand liver disease progression and find new therapeutic targets.
* **Cholesterol Management:** Cholic acid derivatives are being investigated for potential use in lowering cholesterol levels.
* **Drug Delivery:** Cholic acid derivatives are used in drug delivery systems, as they can help increase drug absorption and bioavailability.

**3. Research into its Properties:**

* **Chemical Structure and Activity:** Researchers are investigating the precise molecular interactions of cholic acid with enzymes, receptors, and other molecules.
* **Pharmacology:** Understanding the pharmacology of cholic acid can help develop better treatments for diseases related to bile acid metabolism.
* **Biochemistry:** Cholic acid is a valuable tool for studying various biochemical processes, including lipid metabolism, cholesterol synthesis, and membrane transport.

**Overall, 1,3,7,12-tetrahydroxycholanoic acid (cholic acid) is a crucial molecule for various research areas, particularly related to digestion, metabolism, liver function, and potential therapeutic applications.** Its complex interactions with the body highlight the importance of further research into this fascinating compound.