beta-erythroidine profile

Beta-erythroidine is an alkaloid found in the plant Erythrina crista-galli. It is a potent inhibitor of acetylcholinesterase, an enzyme that breaks down acetylcholine, a neurotransmitter involved in muscle contraction and other physiological processes. The compound has also been shown to have anticonvulsant and analgesic effects. Research on beta-erythroidine focuses on its potential therapeutic applications, particularly in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease and other neurological disorders. Its potent acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity makes it a promising candidate for drug development. The compound's effects on neuronal signaling and its potential for treating neurological conditions are actively being investigated.'

beta-erythroidine: alkaloid found in various species of Erythrina; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure [Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), National Library of Medicine, extracted Dec-2023]

beta-erythroidine : An organic heterotetracyclic indole alkaloid isolated from the seeds and other parts of Erythrina species. It differs from the alpha isomer in having the double bond of the dihydropyranone ring located beta,gamma- to the lactone carbonyl group instead of alpha,beta-. [Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

Related Flora

Flora	Rank	Flora Definition	Family	Family Definition
Erythrina	genus	A genus of leguminous shrubs or trees, mainly tropical, yielding useful compounds such as ALKALOIDS and PLANT LECTINS.[MeSH]	Fabaceae	The large family of plants characterized by pods. Some are edible and some cause LATHYRISM or FAVISM and other forms of poisoning. Other species yield useful materials like gums from ACACIA and various LECTINS like PHYTOHEMAGGLUTININS from PHASEOLUS. Many of them harbor NITROGEN FIXATION bacteria on their roots. Many but not all species of beans belong to this family.[MeSH]

ID Source	ID
PubMed CID	10074
CHEMBL ID	3318888
CHEBI ID	27795
SCHEMBL ID	4216928
MeSH ID	M0046087

Synonym
12,13-didehydro-13,14-dihydro-alpha-erythroidine
16(15h)-oxaerythrinan-15-one, 1,2,6,7-tetradehydro-14,17-dihydro-3-methoxy-, (3-beta)-
brn 0036194
466-81-9
C06532
beta-erythroidine
b-erythroidine
unii-7334eou8k5
7334eou8k5 ,
4-27-00-03568 (beilstein handbook reference)
SCHEMBL4216928
.beta.-erythroidine, (+)-
.beta.-erythroidine [mi]
1h,12h-pyrano(4',3':3,4)pyrido(2,1-i)indol-12-one, 2,6,8,9,10,13-hexahydro-2-methoxy-, (2r,13bs)-
(3.beta.)-1,2,6,7-tetradehydro-14,17-dihydro-3-methoxy-16(15h)-oxaerythrinan-15-one
CHEMBL3318888 ,
(+)-beta-erythroidine
(4bs,6r)-6-methoxy-1,4,6,10,12,13-hexahydro-3h,5h-pyrano[4',3':3,4]pyrido[2,1-i]indol-3-one
CHEBI:27795 ,
DTXSID30196884
(2r,13bs)-2-methoxy-1,2,8,9,10,13-hexahydropyrano[4',3':3,4]pyrido[2,1-i]indol-12(6h)-one
Q27103335
bdbm50497833
-erythroidine hydrochloride

Excerpt	Relevance	Reference
" We and others have previously shown that substitution of phenylalanine for tyrosine at position 198 of the alpha subunit (alpha Y198F) leads to a rightward shift in the dose-response curve for acetylcholine-elicited currents."	( Selective enhancement of the interaction of curare with the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor. Aylwin, ML; Filatov, GN; White, MM, 1993)	0.29

Role	Description
muscle relaxant	A drug used to produce muscle relaxation (excepting neuromuscular blocking agents). Its primary clinical and therapeutic use is the treatment of muscle spasm and immobility associated with strains, sprains, and injuries of the back and, to a lesser degree, injuries to the neck. Also used for the treatment of a variety of clinical conditions that have in common only the presence of skeletal muscle hyperactivity, for example, the muscle spasms that can occur in multiple sclerosis.
plant metabolite	Any eukaryotic metabolite produced during a metabolic reaction in plants, the kingdom that include flowering plants, conifers and other gymnosperms.
[role information is derived from Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

Class	Description
indole alkaloid	An alkaloid containing an indole skeleton.
delta-lactone	A lactone having a six-membered lactone ring.
organic heterotetracyclic compound
tertiary amino compound	A compound formally derived from ammonia by replacing three hydrogen atoms by organyl groups.
[compound class information is derived from Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

Protein	Taxonomy	Measurement	Average	Min (ref.)	Avg (ref.)	Max (ref.)	Bioassay(s)
Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-4	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	Ki	1.1000	0.0000	0.1234	5.5000	AID1184956
Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit beta-2	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	Ki	1.1000	0.0000	0.1082	5.5000	AID1184956
[prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Assay ID	Title	Year	Journal	Article
AID1184956	Inhibition of rat membrane alpha4beta2 nAChR by [3H]cytisine binding assay	2014	ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Jul-10, Volume: 5, Issue:7	Synthesis and Pharmacological Evaluation of DHβE Analogues as Neuronal Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor Antagonists.
[information is prepared from bioassay data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Timeframe	Studies, This Drug (%)	All Drugs %
pre-1990	5 (29.41)	18.7374
1990's	2 (11.76)	18.2507
2000's	5 (29.41)	29.6817
2010's	5 (29.41)	24.3611
2020's	0 (0.00)	2.80
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Publication Type	This drug (%)	All Drugs (%)
Trials	0 (0.00%)	5.53%
Reviews	0 (0.00%)	6.00%
Case Studies	0 (0.00%)	4.05%
Observational	0 (0.00%)	0.25%
Other	17 (100.00%)	84.16%
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Substance	Relationship Strength	Studies	Classes	Roles
adenine [no description available]	2.01	1	6-aminopurines; purine nucleobase	Daphnia magna metabolite; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
choline [no description available]	1.99	1	cholines	allergen; Daphnia magna metabolite; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; neurotransmitter; nutrient; plant metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
indoleacetic acid indoleacetic acid: RN given refers to unlabeled parent cpd; structure in Merck Index, 9th ed, #4841. auxin : Any of a group of compounds, both naturally occurring and synthetic, that induce cell elongation in plant stems (from Greek alphaupsilonxialphanuomega, "to grow").. indole-3-acetic acid : A monocarboxylic acid that is acetic acid in which one of the methyl hydrogens has been replaced by a 1H-indol-3-yl group.	2.01	1	indole-3-acetic acids; monocarboxylic acid	auxin; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; plant hormone; plant metabolite
toluene methylbenzene : Any alkylbenzene that is benzene substituted with one or more methyl groups.	2.03	1	methylbenzene; toluenes; volatile organic compound	cholinergic antagonist; fuel additive; neurotoxin; non-polar solvent
2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid: An herbicide with irritant effects on the eye and the gastrointestinal system.. 2,4-D : A chlorophenoxyacetic acid that is phenoxyacetic acid in which the ring hydrogens at postions 2 and 4 are substituted by chlorines.	2.01	1	chlorophenoxyacetic acid; dichlorobenzene	agrochemical; defoliant; EC 1.1.1.25 (shikimate dehydrogenase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; phenoxy herbicide; synthetic auxin
4-diphenylacetoxy-1,1-dimethylpiperidinium 4-diphenylacetoxy-1,1-dimethylpiperidinium: muscarinic receptor antagonist; RN given refers to parent cpd; do not confuse abbreviation 4-DAMP with a similar cpd which does not contain dimethyl groups. 4-DAMP(1+) : A quaternary ammonium salt obtained by formal methylation of the tertiary amino function of 4-diphenylacetoxy-N-methylpiperidine.	2.03	1	quaternary ammonium ion	cholinergic antagonist; muscarinic antagonist
gentamicin Gentamicins: A complex of closely related aminoglycosides obtained from MICROMONOSPORA purpurea and related species. They are broad-spectrum antibiotics, but may cause ear and kidney damage. They act to inhibit PROTEIN BIOSYNTHESIS.	2.03	1
hexobarbital Hexobarbital: A barbiturate that is effective as a hypnotic and sedative.. hexobarbital : A member of the class of barbiturates taht is barbituric acid substituted at N-1 by methyl and at C-5 by methyl and cyclohex-1-enyl groups.	1.92	1	barbiturates
kinetin Kinetin: A furanyl adenine found in PLANTS and FUNGI. It has plant growth regulation effects.. cytokinin : A phytohormone that promote cell division, or cytokinesis, in plant roots and shoots.. kinetin : A member of the class of 6-aminopurines that is adenine carrying a (furan-2-ylmethyl) substituent at the exocyclic amino group.	2.01	1	6-aminopurines; furans	cytokinin; geroprotector
mecamylamine Mecamylamine: A nicotinic antagonist that is well absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and crosses the blood-brain barrier. Mecamylamine has been used as a ganglionic blocker in treating hypertension, but, like most ganglionic blockers, is more often used now as a research tool.	2	1	primary aliphatic amine
mephenesin Mephenesin: A centrally acting muscle relaxant with a short duration of action.. 1-(2-methylphenyl)glycerol : A glycerol ether in which a single 2-methylphenyl group is attached at position 1 of glycerol via an ether linkage.	1.92	1	aromatic ether; glycerol ether
carbachol Carbachol: A slowly hydrolyzed CHOLINERGIC AGONIST that acts at both MUSCARINIC RECEPTORS and NICOTINIC RECEPTORS.	1.99	1	ammonium salt; carbamate ester	cardiotonic drug; miotic; muscarinic agonist; nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist; non-narcotic analgesic
tubocurarine Tubocurarine: A neuromuscular blocker and active ingredient in CURARE; plant based alkaloid of Menispermaceae.. tubocurarine : A benzylisoquinoline alkaloid muscle relaxant which constitutes the active component of curare.. isoquinoline alkaloid : Any alkaloid that has a structure based on an isoquinoline nucleus. They are derived from the amino acids like tyrosine and phenylalanine.	2.63	3	bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloid	drug allergen; muscle relaxant; nicotinic antagonist
gallamine triethiodide Gallamine Triethiodide: A synthetic nondepolarizing blocking drug. The actions of gallamine triethiodide are similar to those of TUBOCURARINE, but this agent blocks the cardiac vagus and may cause sinus tachycardia and, occasionally, hypertension and increased cardiac output. It should be used cautiously in patients at risk from increased heart rate but may be preferred for patients with bradycardia. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1992, p198)	1.98	1
acrolein [no description available]	7.03	1	enal	herbicide; human xenobiotic metabolite; toxin
cyclohexanone [no description available]	2	1	cyclohexanones	human xenobiotic metabolite
cytisine [no description available]	2.05	1	alkaloid; bridged compound; lactam; organic heterotricyclic compound; secondary amino compound	nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist; phytotoxin; plant metabolite
tiletamine hydrochloride Cyclohexanones: Cyclohexane ring substituted by one or more ketones in any position.. cyclohexanones : Any alicyclic ketone based on a cyclohexane skeleton and its substituted derivatives thereof.	2	1
dihydro-beta-erythroidine Dihydro-beta-Erythroidine: Dihydro analog of beta-erythroidine, which is isolated from the seeds and other plant parts of Erythrina sp. Leguminosae. It is an alkaloid with curarimimetic properties.. dihydro-beta-erythroidine : An organic heterotetracyclic compound resulting from the partial hydrogenation of the 1,3-diene moiety of beta-erythroidine to give the corresponding 2-ene.	4.17	17	delta-lactone; organic heterotetracyclic compound; tertiary amino compound	nicotinic antagonist
nicotine (S)-nicotine : A 3-(1-methylpyrrolidin-2-yl)pyridine in which the chiral centre has S-configuration. The naturally occurring and most active enantiomer of nicotine, isolated from Nicotiana tabacum.	2.43	2	3-(1-methylpyrrolidin-2-yl)pyridine	anxiolytic drug; biomarker; immunomodulator; mitogen; neurotoxin; nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist; peripheral nervous system drug; phytogenic insecticide; plant metabolite; psychotropic drug; teratogenic agent; xenobiotic
methyllycaconitine methyllycaconitine: natural toxin from seeds of Delphinium brownii; parasympathomimetic and mild nicotine antagonist; antagonist of alpha-conotoxin-MII sensitive presynaptic nicotinic receptors; potent insecticide; RN refers to (1alpha,4(S),6beta,14alpha,16beta)-isomer	2.06	1
subecholine subecholine: dicholinic ester of suberic acid; structure	1.99	1
erysodine erysodine: structure given in first source. erysodine : An erythrina alkaloid with formula C18H21NO3 isolated from several erythrina plant species. It is a competitive antagonist of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors and exhibits antiparasitic and insecticidal activities.	2.05	1	aromatic ether; diether; Erythrina alkaloid; organic heterotetracyclic compound; phenols	antiparasitic agent; nicotinic antagonist; phytogenic insecticide
atropine tropan-3alpha-yl 3-hydroxy-2-phenylpropanoate : A tropane alkaloid that is (1R,5)-8-methyl-8-azabicyclo[3.2.1]octane substituted by a (3-hydroxy-2-phenylpropanoyl)oxy group at position 3.	2.03	1
curarine curarine: RN given refers to parent cpd without isomeric designation	6.92	1
pancuronium Pancuronium: A bis-quaternary steroid that is a competitive nicotinic antagonist. As a neuromuscular blocking agent it is more potent than CURARE but has less effect on the circulatory system and on histamine release.. pancuronium : A steroid ester in which a 5alpha-androstane skeleton is C-3alpha- and C-17beta-disubstituted with acetoxy groups and 2beta- and 16beta-disubstituted with 1-methylpiperidinium-1-yl groups. It is a non-depolarizing curare-mimetic muscle relaxant.	1.98	1	acetate ester; steroid ester	cholinergic antagonist; muscle relaxant; nicotinic antagonist
toxiferine Toxiferine: A curare alkaloid that is a very potent competitive nicotinic antagonist at the neuromuscular junction.	6.92	1	alkaloid
morphine Meconium: The thick green-to-black mucilaginous material found in the intestines of a full-term fetus. It consists of secretions of the INTESTINAL GLANDS; BILE PIGMENTS; FATTY ACIDS; AMNIOTIC FLUID; and intrauterine debris. It constitutes the first stools passed by a newborn.	2.06	1	morphinane alkaloid; organic heteropentacyclic compound; tertiary amino compound	anaesthetic; drug allergen; environmental contaminant; geroprotector; mu-opioid receptor agonist; opioid analgesic; plant metabolite; vasodilator agent; xenobiotic
piperidines Piperidines: A family of hexahydropyridines.	2.03	1
phytoestrogens Phytoestrogens: Compounds derived from plants, primarily ISOFLAVONES that mimic or modulate endogenous estrogens, usually by binding to ESTROGEN RECEPTORS.	2.1	1
aconitine Aconitine: A C19 norditerpenoid alkaloid (DITERPENES) from the root of ACONITUM; DELPHINIUM and larkspurs. It activates VOLTAGE-GATED SODIUM CHANNELS. It has been used to induce ARRHYTHMIAS in experimental animals and it has anti-inflammatory and anti-neuralgic properties.. aconitine : A diterpenoid that is 20-ethyl-3alpha,13,15alpha-trihydroxy-1alpha,6alpha,16beta-trimethoxy-4-(methoxymethyl)aconitane-8,14alpha-diol having acetate and benzoate groups at the 8- and 14-positions respectively.	2.06	1

Condition	Indicated	Relationship Strength	Studies	Trials
Anesthesia A state characterized by loss of feeling or sensation. This depression of nerve function is usually the result of pharmacologic action and is induced to allow performance of surgery or other painful procedures.	0	2.37	2	0
Muscle Relaxation That phase of a muscle twitch during which a muscle returns to a resting position.	0	2.21	1	0

beta-erythroidine

Description

Cross-References

Synonyms (24)

Research Excerpts

Dosage Studied

Roles (2)

Drug Classes (4)

Protein Targets (2)

Inhibition Measurements

Bioassays (1)

Research

Studies (17)

Market Indicators

Research Demand Index: 20.69

Study Types