integrin binding involved in cell-matrix adhesion

Definition

Target type: molecularfunction

Any integrin binding that occurs as part of the process of cell-matrix adhesion. [GOC:dos]

Integrin binding plays a crucial role in cell-matrix adhesion, facilitating the attachment of cells to the surrounding extracellular matrix (ECM). Integrins are transmembrane receptors that bridge the intracellular cytoskeleton with the ECM. This binding process involves a complex interplay of molecular events, including:

1. **Ligand Recognition:** Integrins bind to specific ECM proteins, such as fibronectin, collagen, and laminin, through their extracellular domains. This interaction is highly specific and involves complementary shapes and chemical properties between the integrin and its ligand.

2. **Conformational Changes:** Upon ligand binding, integrins undergo a conformational change, transitioning from a bent, inactive state to an extended, active state. This conformational change exposes the integrin's cytoplasmic domain, facilitating interactions with intracellular signaling molecules.

3. **Signal Transduction:** The binding of integrins to ECM proteins triggers a cascade of intracellular signaling events. These signals involve the recruitment of various adaptor proteins and kinases, which activate downstream signaling pathways that regulate cell adhesion, migration, differentiation, and survival.

4. **Cytoskeletal Linkage:** The cytoplasmic domain of integrins interacts with the cytoskeleton, primarily actin filaments. This interaction provides mechanical stability to the cell-matrix adhesion, enabling cells to withstand mechanical stress and maintain their structural integrity.

5. **Clustering and Focal Adhesions:** Integrin binding and signaling often lead to the clustering of integrins and associated proteins at specific sites on the cell membrane. These clusters, known as focal adhesions, serve as sites of force transmission between the cell and the ECM.

6. **Dynamic Regulation:** Cell-matrix adhesion is a dynamic process that is constantly regulated by various cellular factors. Integrins can undergo rapid turnover, allowing for the adjustment of cell adhesion in response to changes in the ECM or cellular environment.

These intricate molecular processes ensure the proper attachment and interaction of cells with their surrounding environment, contributing to tissue development, homeostasis, and wound healing.'
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Proteins (1)

Compounds (17)