Gene Targets > NADPH peroxidase activity
Page last updated: 2024-10-24

NADPH peroxidase activity

Definition

Target type: molecularfunction

Catalysis of the reaction: H2O2 + H+ + NADPH = 2 H2O + NADP+. [EC:1.11.1.2, RHEA:15173]

NADPH peroxidase activity is a crucial enzyme activity involved in the detoxification of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by catalyzing the reduction of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) to water using NADPH as an electron donor. This activity plays a vital role in protecting cells from oxidative stress, which can damage DNA, proteins, and lipids. NADPH peroxidases are typically found in various cellular compartments, including peroxisomes, chloroplasts, and mitochondria.

The enzymatic mechanism involves the transfer of electrons from NADPH to the enzyme's active site, followed by the reduction of H2O2 to water. This reaction is highly specific for H2O2 and does not utilize other substrates, such as organic hydroperoxides. The active site of NADPH peroxidase contains a flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) cofactor, which plays a key role in electron transfer.

The NADPH peroxidase activity is essential for maintaining cellular redox homeostasis and protecting against oxidative damage. Mutations or deficiencies in genes encoding NADPH peroxidases can lead to various pathological conditions, including oxidative stress-related diseases and developmental defects.'
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Proteins (1)

ProteinDefinitionTaxonomy
Thioredoxin reductase 1, cytoplasmicA thioredoxin reductase 1, cytoplasmic that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:DNx, UniProtKB:Q16881]Homo sapiens (human)

Compounds (15)

CompoundDefinitionClassesRoles
methylene bluemethylene blue : An organic chloride salt having 3,7-bis(dimethylamino)phenothiazin-5-ium as the counterion. A commonly used dye that also exhibits antioxidant, antimalarial, antidepressant and cardioprotective properties.

Methylene Blue: A compound consisting of dark green crystals or crystalline powder, having a bronze-like luster. Solutions in water or alcohol have a deep blue color. Methylene blue is used as a bacteriologic stain and as an indicator. It inhibits GUANYLATE CYCLASE, and has been used to treat cyanide poisoning and to lower levels of METHEMOGLOBIN.		organic chloride saltacid-base indicator;
antidepressant;
antimalarial;
antimicrobial agent;
antioxidant;
cardioprotective agent;
EC 1.4.3.4 (monoamine oxidase) inhibitor;
EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor;
EC 4.6.1.2 (guanylate cyclase) inhibitor;
fluorochrome;
histological dye;
neuroprotective agent;
physical tracer
3,5-dinitro-4-chloro-alpha,alpha,alpha-trifluorotoluene3,5-dinitro-4-chloro-alpha,alpha,alpha-trifluorotoluene: affects mitochondria isolated from rat liver; RN given refers to unlabeled cpd
naphthazarinnaphthazarin : A naphthoquinone that is 1,4-naphthoquinone in which the hydrogens at positions 5 and 8 are replaced by hydroxy groups.

naphthazarin: fish toxin; isolated for first time from the walnut onigurmi, Juglans mandshurica maxim var. Sieboldiana Makino; structure		hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinoneacaricide;
antibacterial agent;
antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
geroprotector;
plant metabolite
2,6-dichloroindophenol2,6-dichloroindophenol : A quinone imine that is indophenol substituted by chloro groups at positions 2 and 6.

2,6-Dichloroindophenol: A dye used as a reagent in the determination of vitamin C.

N-3,5-dichloro-4-hydroxyphenyl-1,4-benzoquinone imine : 1,4-benzoquinone imine having a 3,5-dichloro-4-hydroxyphenyl substituent attached to the nitrogen atom.		dichlorobenzene;
quinone imine
4-aminophenylarsenoxide4-aminophenylarsenoxide: RN given refers to parent cpd
tetramethylpyrazinetetramethylpyrazine : A member of the class of pyrazines that is pyrazine in which all four hydrogens have been replaced by methyl groups. An alkaloid extracted from Chuanxiong (Ligusticum wallichii).

tetramethylpyrazine: found in Ligusticum chuanxiong		alkaloid;
pyrazines		antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inhibitor;
bacterial metabolite;
neuroprotective agent;
platelet aggregation inhibitor;
vasodilator agent
staurosporineindolocarbazole alkaloid;
organic heterooctacyclic compound		apoptosis inducer;
bacterial metabolite;
EC 2.7.11.13 (protein kinase C) inhibitor;
geroprotector
palmarumycin cp(1)palmarumycin CP(1): a type of spirobisnaphthalene, which contain two naphthalene-derived c10 units bridged through a spiroketal linkage with two oxygen bridges; structure in first source
methylnaphthazarinmethylnaphthazarin: structure in first source
piplartinepiplartine: Antineoplastic Agent, Phytogenic; alkaloid from Piper; structure in first sourcecinnamamides;
dicarboximide
xanthohumolxanthohumol : A member of the class of chalcones that is trans-chalcone substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 4, 2' and 4', a methoxy group at position 6' and a prenyl group at position 3'. Isolated from Humulus lupulus, it induces apoptosis in human malignant glioblastoma cells.

xanthohumol: from hop plant, Humulus lupulus		aromatic ether;
chalcones;
polyphenol		anti-HIV-1 agent;
antineoplastic agent;
antiviral agent;
apoptosis inducer;
EC 2.3.1.20 (diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase) inhibitor;
metabolite
curcumincurcumin : A beta-diketone that is methane in which two of the hydrogens are substituted by feruloyl groups. A natural dyestuff found in the root of Curcuma longa.

Curcumin: A yellow-orange dye obtained from tumeric, the powdered root of CURCUMA longa. It is used in the preparation of curcuma paper and the detection of boron. Curcumin appears to possess a spectrum of pharmacological properties, due primarily to its inhibitory effects on metabolic enzymes.		aromatic ether;
beta-diketone;
diarylheptanoid;
enone;
polyphenol		anti-inflammatory agent;
antifungal agent;
antineoplastic agent;
biological pigment;
contraceptive drug;
dye;
EC 1.1.1.205 (IMP dehydrogenase) inhibitor;
EC 1.1.1.21 (aldehyde reductase) inhibitor;
EC 1.1.1.25 (shikimate dehydrogenase) inhibitor;
EC 1.6.5.2 [NAD(P)H dehydrogenase (quinone)] inhibitor;
EC 1.8.1.9 (thioredoxin reductase) inhibitor;
EC 2.7.10.2 (non-specific protein-tyrosine kinase) inhibitor;
EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor;
flavouring agent;
food colouring;
geroprotector;
hepatoprotective agent;
immunomodulator;
iron chelator;
ligand;
lipoxygenase inhibitor;
metabolite;
neuroprotective agent;
nutraceutical;
radical scavenger
ellagic acidcatechols;
cyclic ketone;
lactone;
organic heterotetracyclic compound;
polyphenol		antioxidant;
EC 1.14.18.1 (tyrosinase) inhibitor;
EC 2.3.1.5 (arylamine N-acetyltransferase) inhibitor;
EC 2.4.1.1 (glycogen phosphorylase) inhibitor;
EC 2.5.1.18 (glutathione transferase) inhibitor;
EC 2.7.1.127 (inositol-trisphosphate 3-kinase) inhibitor;
EC 2.7.1.151 (inositol-polyphosphate multikinase) inhibitor;
EC 2.7.4.6 (nucleoside-diphosphate kinase) inhibitor;
EC 2.7.7.7 (DNA-directed DNA polymerase) inhibitor;
EC 5.99.1.2 (DNA topoisomerase) inhibitor;
EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor;
food additive;
fungal metabolite;
geroprotector;
plant metabolite;
skin lightening agent
(1,2-bis(1,2-benzisoselenazolone-3(2h)-ketone))ethane(1,2-bis(1,2-benzisoselenazolone-3(2H)-ketone))ethane: has antineoplastic activity; structure in first source
flavellagic acidflavellagic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure