integrin alpha8-beta1 complex

Definition

Target type: cellularcomponent

An integrin complex that comprises one alpha8 subunit and one beta1 subunit. [PMID:12297042]

Integrin alpha8-beta1, also known as α8β1, is a transmembrane protein complex that plays a crucial role in cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions. The cellular component of this complex comprises the following:

1. **Extracellular Domain:**
- **α8 Subunit:** The extracellular domain of the α8 subunit consists of a large, globular head region that binds to specific extracellular matrix (ECM) ligands. This region is further subdivided into the following domains:
- **β-propeller:** This domain is composed of seven blade-like structures that provide a scaffold for ligand binding.
- **I-like domain:** This domain contains a metal ion-dependent adhesion site (MIDAS) that facilitates the binding of divalent cations, such as magnesium or manganese, which are essential for ligand recognition.
- **α-helical domain:** This domain extends from the I-like domain and contributes to ligand binding and interactions with the β1 subunit.
- **β1 Subunit:** The extracellular domain of the β1 subunit is also a globular head region that interacts with the α8 subunit and participates in ligand binding. It consists of:
- **β-propeller:** Similar to the α8 subunit, the β1 subunit contains a β-propeller domain.
- **Hybrid domain:** This domain combines features of both the β-propeller and I-like domains.
- **Cys-rich domain:** This domain is enriched in cysteine residues and plays a role in protein stability and conformation.

2. **Transmembrane Domain:**
- Both the α8 and β1 subunits contain a transmembrane domain that anchors the complex to the cell membrane. These domains are composed of hydrophobic amino acids that interact with the phospholipid bilayer of the cell membrane.

3. **Cytoplasmic Domain:**
- **α8 Subunit:** The cytoplasmic domain of the α8 subunit is relatively short and interacts with intracellular signaling molecules, particularly those involved in cell migration and adhesion.
- **β1 Subunit:** The cytoplasmic domain of the β1 subunit is larger and more complex than that of the α8 subunit. It contains a series of binding sites for various intracellular proteins, including:
- **Focal adhesion kinase (FAK):** FAK is a key regulator of cell adhesion and signaling.
- **Talin:** Talin links integrins to the actin cytoskeleton, which is responsible for cell shape and movement.
- **Kindlin:** Kindlin proteins are involved in integrin activation and clustering.

These intracellular interactions enable integrin α8-β1 to participate in a variety of cellular processes, including cell adhesion, migration, differentiation, and signal transduction.'
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Proteins (1)

Compounds (17)