regulation of T cell mediated cytotoxicity

Definition

Target type: biologicalprocess

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of T cell mediated cytotoxicity. [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149]

T cell-mediated cytotoxicity is a complex process involving multiple steps, each carefully regulated to ensure precise and targeted elimination of infected or cancerous cells. This process begins with antigen recognition by T cell receptors (TCRs) on cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs), also known as CD8+ T cells. The TCRs bind to specific antigens presented on MHC I molecules expressed on the surface of target cells. This interaction initiates a signaling cascade within the CTL, leading to activation and differentiation of the CTL. Once activated, CTLs undergo a series of changes, including upregulation of effector molecules like granzyme and perforin, and increased expression of adhesion molecules that help them adhere to target cells. The CTL then releases these effector molecules into the synapse formed between the CTL and the target cell. Granzyme, a serine protease, enters the target cell through pores created by perforin, another protein released by the CTL. Inside the target cell, granzyme activates apoptotic pathways, leading to programmed cell death. This carefully controlled process ensures that only the targeted cell is eliminated, minimizing collateral damage to surrounding healthy tissues. The regulation of T cell-mediated cytotoxicity involves intricate signaling pathways that govern the activation, differentiation, and effector function of CTLs. This regulation ensures that CTLs are only activated when necessary, and that their cytotoxic activity is precisely targeted to eliminate specific cells while preserving healthy tissues.'
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Proteins (2)

Compounds (220)