| Substance | Relationship Strength | Studies | Trials | Classes | Roles |
|---|
chlorine
chloride : A halide anion formed when chlorine picks up an electron to form an an anion. | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | halide anion;
monoatomic chlorine | cofactor;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite |
dimethyl sulfoxide
Dimethyl Sulfoxide: A highly polar organic liquid, that is used widely as a chemical solvent. Because of its ability to penetrate biological membranes, it is used as a vehicle for topical application of pharmaceuticals. It is also used to protect tissue during CRYOPRESERVATION. Dimethyl sulfoxide shows a range of pharmacological activity including analgesia and anti-inflammation.. dimethyl sulfoxide : A 2-carbon sulfoxide in which the sulfur atom has two methyl substituents. | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | sulfoxide;
volatile organic compound | alkylating agent;
antidote;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
geroprotector;
MRI contrast agent;
non-narcotic analgesic;
polar aprotic solvent;
radical scavenger |
hydrogen
Hydrogen: The first chemical element in the periodic table with atomic symbol H, and atomic number 1. Protium (atomic weight 1) is by far the most common hydrogen isotope. Hydrogen also exists as the stable isotope DEUTERIUM (atomic weight 2) and the radioactive isotope TRITIUM (atomic weight 3). Hydrogen forms into a diatomic molecule at room temperature and appears as a highly flammable colorless and odorless gas.. dihydrogen : An elemental molecule consisting of two hydrogens joined by a single bond. | 2.1 | 1 | 0 | elemental hydrogen;
elemental molecule;
gas molecular entity | antioxidant;
electron donor;
food packaging gas;
fuel;
human metabolite |
phthalic acid
phthalic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure in Merck Index, 9th ed, #7178. phthalic acid : A benzenedicarboxylic acid cosisting of two carboxy groups at ortho positions. | 3.82 | 10 | 0 | benzenedicarboxylic acid | human xenobiotic metabolite |
butylbenzyl phthalate
spatozoate: structure in first source | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | benzyl ester | |
dibutyl phthalate
Dibutyl Phthalate: A plasticizer used in most plastics and found in water, air, soil, plants and animals. It may have some adverse effects with long-term exposure.. dibutyl phthalate : A phthalate ester that is the diester obtained by the formal condensation of the carboxy groups of phthalic acid with two molecules of butan-1-ol. Although used extensively as a plasticiser, it is a ubiquitous environmental contaminant that poses a risk to humans. | 2.88 | 3 | 0 | diester;
phthalate ester | EC 3.2.1.20 (alpha-glucosidase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
metabolite;
plasticiser;
teratogenic agent |
thyroxine
Thyroxine: The major hormone derived from the thyroid gland. Thyroxine is synthesized via the iodination of tyrosines (MONOIODOTYROSINE) and the coupling of iodotyrosines (DIIODOTYROSINE) in the THYROGLOBULIN. Thyroxine is released from thyroglobulin by proteolysis and secreted into the blood. Thyroxine is peripherally deiodinated to form TRIIODOTHYRONINE which exerts a broad spectrum of stimulatory effects on cell metabolism.. thyroxine : An iodothyronine compound having iodo substituents at the 3-, 3'-, 5- and 5'-positions. | 2.48 | 2 | 0 | 2-halophenol;
iodophenol;
L-phenylalanine derivative;
non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid;
thyroxine zwitterion;
thyroxine | antithyroid drug;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
thyroid hormone |
triiodothyronine
Triiodothyronine: A T3 thyroid hormone normally synthesized and secreted by the thyroid gland in much smaller quantities than thyroxine (T4). Most T3 is derived from peripheral monodeiodination of T4 at the 5' position of the outer ring of the iodothyronine nucleus. The hormone finally delivered and used by the tissues is mainly T3.. 3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronine : An iodothyronine compound having iodo substituents at the 3-, 3'- and 5-positions. Although some is produced in the thyroid, most of the 3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronine in the body is generated by mono-deiodination of L-thyroxine in the peripheral tissues. Its metabolic activity is about 3 to 5 times that of L-thyroxine. The sodium salt is used in the treatment of hypothyroidism. | 2.48 | 2 | 0 | 2-halophenol;
amino acid zwitterion;
iodophenol;
iodothyronine | human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
thyroid hormone |
bisphenol a
4,4'-isopropylidene diphenol: stimulates proliferative responses and cytokine productions of murine spleen cells and thymus cells in vitro. bisphenol : By usage, the methylenediphenols, HOC6H4CH2C6H4OH, commonly p,p-methylenediphenol, and their substitution products (generally derived from condensation of two equivalent amounts of a phenol with an aldehyde or ketone). The term also includes analogues in the the methylene (or substituted methylene) group has been replaced by a heteroatom.. bisphenol A : A bisphenol that is 4,4'-methanediyldiphenol in which the methylene hydrogens are replaced by two methyl groups. | 2.79 | 3 | 0 | bisphenol | endocrine disruptor;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic;
xenoestrogen |
dicyclohexyl phthalate
[no description available] | 2.13 | 1 | 0 | diester;
phthalate ester | |
diethyl phthalate
diethyl phthalate: structure. diethyl phthalate : The diethyl ester of benzene-1,2-dicarboxylic acid. | 2.57 | 2 | 0 | diester;
ethyl ester;
phthalate ester | neurotoxin;
plasticiser;
teratogenic agent |
terephthalic acid
terephthalic acid: RN given refers to 1,4-benzenedicarboxylic acid. terephthalic acid : A benzenedicarboxylic acid carrying carboxy groups at positions 1 and 4. One of three possible isomers of benzenedicarboxylic acid, the others being phthalic and isophthalic acids. | 2.06 | 1 | 0 | benzenedicarboxylic acid | |
diethylhexyl phthalate
Diethylhexyl Phthalate: An ester of phthalic acid. It appears as a light-colored, odorless liquid and is used as a plasticizer for many resins and elastomers.. bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate : A phthalate ester that is the bis(2-ethylhexyl) ester of benzene-1,2-dicarboxylic acid. | 3.8 | 10 | 0 | diester;
phthalate ester | androstane receptor agonist;
apoptosis inhibitor;
plasticiser |
di-n-octyl phthalate
di-n-octyl phthalate: plasticizer | 2.13 | 1 | 0 | diester;
phthalate ester | |
dimethyl 4-phthalate
dimethyl 4-phthalate: solvent; structure. dimethyl terephthalate : A diester resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy groups of terephthalic acid with methanol. It is a primary ingredient widely used in the manufacture of polyesters and industrial plastics. | 2.06 | 1 | 0 | diester;
methyl ester;
phthalate ester | |
dimethyl phthalate
dimethyl phthalate: used as plasticizer in computer mouse; structure | 3.52 | 7 | 0 | diester;
methyl ester;
phthalate ester | |
diallyl phthalate
[no description available] | 2.21 | 1 | 0 | | |
monobutyl phthalate
monobutyl phthalate: RN given refers to parent cpd | 3.48 | 7 | 0 | phthalic acid monoester | |
podophyllotoxin
Podophyllum: A genus of poisonous American herbs, family BERBERIDACEAE. The roots yield PODOPHYLLOTOXIN and other pharmacologically important agents. The plant was formerly used as a cholagogue and cathartic. It is different from the European mandrake, MANDRAGORA. | 7.05 | 1 | 0 | furonaphthodioxole;
lignan;
organic heterotetracyclic compound | antimitotic;
antineoplastic agent;
keratolytic drug;
microtubule-destabilising agent;
plant metabolite;
tubulin modulator |
mono-(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate
mono-(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate: RN given refers to parent cpd. mono(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate : The mono(2-ethylhexyl) ester of benzene-1,2-dicarboxylic acid. | 3.7 | 9 | 0 | phthalic acid monoester | |
mono-benzyl phthalate
monobenzyl phthalate : A phthalic acid monoester resulting from the formal condensation of one of the carboxy groups of phthalic acid with the hydroxy group of benzyl alcohol. It is a major metabolite of the plasticiser butyl benzyl phthalate (BBP). | 3.05 | 4 | 0 | phthalic acid monoester | xenobiotic metabolite;
xenoestrogen |
monoethyl phthalate
monoethyl phthalate: structure in first source. monoethyl phthalate : A phthalic acid monoester resulting from the condensation of one of the carboxy groups of phthalic acid with ethanol. | 3.23 | 5 | 0 | ethyl ester;
phthalic acid monoester | metabolite |
mono-n-octyl phthalate
monooctyl phthalate : A phthalic acid monoester obtained by formal condensation of one of the carboxy groups of phthalic acid with the hydroxy group of octanol. | 2.13 | 1 | 0 | phthalic acid monoester | human xenobiotic metabolite |
toosendanin
[no description available] | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | | |
mono(2-ethyl-5-oxohexyl)phthalate
mono(2-ethyl-5-oxohexyl)phthalate: structure given in first source. mono(2-ethyl-5-oxohexyl) phthalate : A phthalic acid monoester obtained by formal condensation of one of the carboxy groups of phthalic acid with the hydroxy group of 2-ethyl-5-oxohexan-1-ol. | 3.03 | 4 | 0 | methyl ketone;
phthalic acid monoester | human urinary metabolite;
human xenobiotic metabolite |
hydroxyl radical
Hydroxyl Radical: The univalent radical OH. Hydroxyl radical is a potent oxidizing agent. | 2.1 | 1 | 0 | oxygen hydride;
oxygen radical;
reactive oxygen species | |
mono(2-ethyl-5-hydroxyhexyl) phthalate
mono(2-ethyl-5-hydroxyhexyl) phthalate: a metabolite of bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate. mono(2-ethyl-5-hydroxyhexyl) phthalate : A phthalic acid monoester obtained by formal condensation of one of the carboxy groups of phthalic acid with the primary hydroxy group of 2-ethylhexane-1,5-diol | 3.24 | 5 | 0 | phthalic acid monoester | human urinary metabolite;
human xenobiotic metabolite |
dinoprost
Dinoprost: A naturally occurring prostaglandin that has oxytocic, luteolytic, and abortifacient activities. Due to its vasocontractile properties, the compound has a variety of other biological actions.. prostaglandin F2alpha : A prostaglandins Falpha that is prosta-5,13-dien-1-oic acid substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 9, 11 and 15. It is a naturally occurring prostaglandin used to induce labor. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | monocarboxylic acid;
prostaglandins Falpha | human metabolite;
mouse metabolite |
8-epi-prostaglandin f2alpha
8-epi-prostaglandin F2alpha: a potent preglomerular vasoconstrictor acting principally through thromboxane A2 receptor activation. 8-epi-prostaglandin F2alpha : An isoprostane that is prostaglandin F2alpha having inverted stereochemistry at the 8-position. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | F2-isoprostane | biomarker;
bronchoconstrictor agent;
vasoconstrictor agent |
tin
[no description available] | 7.03 | 1 | 0 | carbon group element atom;
elemental tin;
metal atom | micronutrient |
isophthalate
isophthalate: RN given refers to parent cpd | 2.06 | 1 | 0 | dicarboxylic acid dianion | |
deoxyguanosine
[no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | purine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside;
purines 2'-deoxy-D-ribonucleoside | Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine
8-Hydroxy-2'-Deoxyguanosine: Common oxidized form of deoxyguanosine in which C-8 position of guanine base has a carbonyl group.. 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine : Guanosine substituted at the purine 8-position by a hydroxy group. It is used as a biomarker of oxidative DNA damage. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | guanosines | biomarker |