ubiquitin-like ligase-substrate adaptor activity

Definition

Target type: molecularfunction

The binding activity of a molecule that brings together a ubiquitin-like ligase (including ubiquitin ligase and UFM1 ligase) and its substrate. Usually mediated by F-box BTB/POZ domain proteins. [PMID:24658274]

Ubiquitin-like ligase-substrate adaptor activity is a crucial molecular function involved in the intricate process of protein ubiquitination. This activity plays a pivotal role in cellular signaling, protein degradation, and other vital cellular functions.

Ubiquitin ligases (E3s) are enzymes responsible for attaching ubiquitin, a small protein, to target proteins. This attachment, known as ubiquitination, can alter the fate of the target protein in various ways. E3s often rely on adaptor proteins, also called substrate receptors, to specifically recognize and bind to target proteins.

Ubiquitin-like ligase-substrate adaptor activity refers to the ability of these adaptor proteins to facilitate the ubiquitination process by bridging the interaction between E3s and their target substrates. They act as a molecular matchmaker, bringing together the E3 enzyme and the appropriate protein to be ubiquitinated.

The adaptor protein achieves this by possessing specific domains that bind to both the E3 ligase and the target protein. These domains can recognize specific motifs or sequences within the target protein, ensuring that only the appropriate proteins are ubiquitinated.

The binding of the adaptor protein to both the E3 and the target protein creates a complex that allows the E3 to efficiently transfer ubiquitin onto the target. This process is highly regulated and can be influenced by various factors, including post-translational modifications and cellular signaling events.

The ubiquitination of target proteins can have diverse consequences. It can trigger protein degradation through the proteasome, regulate protein activity, alter protein localization, and promote protein interactions.

In conclusion, ubiquitin-like ligase-substrate adaptor activity is a critical molecular function that underpins the precise and selective ubiquitination of target proteins. By acting as a molecular bridge between E3s and substrates, these adaptor proteins play a vital role in regulating a wide array of cellular processes. Their activity ensures that the ubiquitination process is targeted, specific, and contributes to the proper functioning of the cell.'
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Proteins (6)

Compounds (27)