voltage-gated monoatomic ion channel activity involved in regulation of postsynaptic membrane potential
Definition
Target type: molecularfunction
Any voltage-gated ion channel activity that is involved in regulation of postsynaptic membrane potential. [GO_REF:0000061, GOC:TermGenie, ISBN:9780071120005]
Voltage-gated monoatomic ion channel activity involved in regulation of postsynaptic membrane potential refers to the process by which a specific type of ion channel, typically found in the postsynaptic membrane of a neuron, opens or closes in response to changes in the membrane potential. This activity plays a crucial role in synaptic transmission and the propagation of electrical signals within the nervous system.
Here's a detailed breakdown of the molecular function:
1. **Voltage-gated ion channel:** These channels are transmembrane proteins that act as selective gates for specific ions, such as sodium (Na+), potassium (K+), calcium (Ca2+), or chloride (Cl-). They are "gated" by changes in the membrane potential, meaning they open or close in response to depolarization or hyperpolarization of the membrane.
2. **Monoatomic ion channel:** This refers to channels that allow the passage of single, uncharged ions, as opposed to multi-ionic channels or channels that transport molecules.
3. **Postsynaptic membrane:** The postsynaptic membrane is the membrane of the neuron that receives the signal from the presynaptic neuron. It contains a variety of receptors and ion channels that are involved in signal transduction.
4. **Regulation of postsynaptic membrane potential:** The opening and closing of voltage-gated ion channels at the postsynaptic membrane directly impacts the membrane potential, influencing the likelihood of an action potential firing in the postsynaptic neuron. This regulation is crucial for the following:
* **Synaptic transmission:** When a neurotransmitter is released from the presynaptic neuron, it binds to receptors on the postsynaptic membrane, leading to the opening or closing of voltage-gated ion channels. This change in membrane potential can lead to depolarization or hyperpolarization, depending on the type of ion channel involved and the direction of ion flow.
* **Integration of signals:** The postsynaptic membrane integrates signals from multiple presynaptic neurons. By modulating membrane potential, voltage-gated ion channels contribute to the summation of excitatory and inhibitory signals, determining the overall response of the postsynaptic neuron.
* **Modulation of neuronal activity:** The activity of voltage-gated ion channels can be modulated by various factors, including neurotransmitters, neuromodulators, and second messengers. This modulation allows for fine-tuning of neuronal activity and the flexibility of neuronal networks.
In summary, voltage-gated monoatomic ion channel activity involved in the regulation of postsynaptic membrane potential is a critical process for the transmission and integration of neuronal signals. By selectively allowing the passage of ions in response to changes in membrane potential, these channels play a fundamental role in the function of the nervous system.'
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Proteins (3)
| Protein | Definition | Taxonomy |
|---|---|---|
| Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily D member 2 | A voltage-gated potassium channel KCND2 that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:CNA, UniProtKB:Q9NZV8] | Homo sapiens (human) |
| Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily A member 1 | A voltage-gated potassium channel subunit KCNA1 that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:DNx, UniProtKB:Q09470] | Homo sapiens (human) |
| Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily A member 2 | A voltage-gated potassium channel subunit KCNA2 that is encoded in the genome of human. [] | Homo sapiens (human) |
Compounds (12)
| Compound | Definition | Classes | Roles |
|---|---|---|---|
| 4-aminopyridine | aminopyridine; aromatic amine | avicide; orphan drug; potassium channel blocker | |
| N-(2-aminoethyl)-5-chloro-1-naphthalenesulfonamide | naphthalenes; sulfonic acid derivative | ||
| 5-methoxypsoralen | 5-methoxypsoralen : A 5-methoxyfurocoumarin that is psoralen substituted by a methoxy group at position 5. 5-Methoxypsoralen: A linear furanocoumarin that has phototoxic and anti-inflammatory properties, with effects similar to METHOXSALEN. It is used in PUVA THERAPY for the treatment of PSORIASIS. | 5-methoxyfurocoumarin; organic heterotricyclic compound; psoralens | hepatoprotective agent; plant metabolite |
| flecainide | flecainide : A monocarboxylic acid amide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 2,5-bis(2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy)benzoic acid with the primary amino group of piperidin-2-ylmethylamine. An antiarrhythmic agent used (in the form of its acetate salt) to prevent and treat tachyarrhythmia (abnormal fast rhythm of the heart). Flecainide: A potent anti-arrhythmia agent, effective in a wide range of ventricular and atrial ARRHYTHMIAS and TACHYCARDIAS. | aromatic ether; monocarboxylic acid amide; organofluorine compound; piperidines | anti-arrhythmia drug |
| nifedipine | Nifedipine: A potent vasodilator agent with calcium antagonistic action. It is a useful anti-anginal agent that also lowers blood pressure. | C-nitro compound; dihydropyridine; methyl ester | calcium channel blocker; human metabolite; tocolytic agent; vasodilator agent |
| tetraethylammonium | Tetraethylammonium: A potassium-selective ion channel blocker. (From J Gen Phys 1994;104(1):173-90) | quaternary ammonium ion | |
| diltiazem | diltiazem : A 5-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-oxo-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1,5-benzothiazepin-3-yl acetate in which both stereocentres have S configuration. A calcium-channel blocker and vasodilator, it is used as the hydrochloride in the management of angina pectoris and hypertension. Diltiazem: A benzothiazepine derivative with vasodilating action due to its antagonism of the actions of CALCIUM ion on membrane functions. | 5-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-oxo-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1,5-benzothiazepin-3-yl acetate | antihypertensive agent; calcium channel blocker; vasodilator agent |
| cortisone | 11-oxo steroid; 17alpha-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 21-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; C21-steroid; glucocorticoid; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone | human metabolite; mouse metabolite | |
| capsaicin | ALGRX-4975: an injectable capsaicin (TRPV1 receptor agonist) formulation for longlasting pain relief capsaicinoid : A family of aromatic fatty amides produced as secondary metabolites by chilli peppers. | capsaicinoid | non-narcotic analgesic; TRPV1 agonist; voltage-gated sodium channel blocker |
| clathrodin | clathrodin: structure given in first source; isolated from marine sponges of the genus Agelas | ||
| oroidin | oroidin: from marine sponges of the genus Agelas; structure in first source | pyrroles; secondary carboxamide | metabolite |
| hymenidin | hymenidin: serotonergic receptor antagonist from Okinawan marine sponge Hymeniacidon; structure given in first source |