glucose:sodium symporter activity

Definition

Target type: molecularfunction

Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: glucose(out) + Na+(out) = glucose(in) + Na+(in). [TC:2.A.21.3.-]

Glucose-sodium symporter activity is a transmembrane protein-mediated process that involves the simultaneous transport of glucose and sodium ions across a cell membrane. This process is driven by the electrochemical gradient of sodium ions, which is maintained by the sodium-potassium pump. The symporter protein binds both glucose and sodium ions, and the binding of one molecule increases the affinity for the other. This allows the transporter to move both molecules in the same direction, from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration. The energy required for this process is provided by the movement of sodium ions down their electrochemical gradient. The glucose-sodium symporter is a crucial protein involved in the absorption of glucose from the small intestine into the bloodstream. It is also found in other tissues, such as the kidneys, where it plays a role in the reabsorption of glucose from the filtrate. The specific mechanism involves the binding of sodium ions to the transporter protein, which induces a conformational change in the protein, creating a binding site for glucose. The binding of glucose further stabilizes the conformational change, allowing both molecules to be transported across the membrane. This coordinated movement of glucose and sodium is essential for maintaining proper glucose homeostasis in the body.'
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Proteins (6)

Compounds (16)