negative regulation of corticosterone secretion
Definition
Target type: biologicalprocess
Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of corticosterone secretion. [GOC:sl]
Negative regulation of corticosterone secretion is a complex physiological process that involves a coordinated interplay of multiple hormones, neurotransmitters, and feedback loops. It is primarily controlled by the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, a neuroendocrine system that responds to stress and regulates various bodily functions. The HPA axis consists of three main components: the hypothalamus, the pituitary gland, and the adrenal glands.
When the body is exposed to stressors, the hypothalamus releases corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH). CRH travels to the pituitary gland, where it stimulates the release of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH). ACTH then travels to the adrenal glands, where it triggers the production and release of corticosterone, a steroid hormone that has diverse effects on the body, including increasing blood glucose levels, suppressing the immune system, and regulating blood pressure.
Negative regulation of corticosterone secretion ensures that corticosterone levels do not remain chronically elevated, which could have detrimental effects on the body. This regulation is achieved through several mechanisms:
1. **Feedback inhibition:** Corticosterone itself acts as a negative feedback signal, inhibiting the release of CRH from the hypothalamus and ACTH from the pituitary gland. This prevents excessive production of corticosterone.
2. **Neurotransmitter modulation:** Neurotransmitters such as dopamine, serotonin, and GABA can influence the activity of the HPA axis. For example, dopamine can suppress the release of CRH, while serotonin can enhance it.
3. **Circadian rhythm:** The secretion of corticosterone follows a circadian rhythm, with levels peaking in the morning and declining throughout the day. This rhythm is controlled by the hypothalamus and is essential for maintaining homeostasis.
4. **Other hormones:** Other hormones, such as estrogen, progesterone, and thyroid hormones, can also influence the activity of the HPA axis and contribute to the regulation of corticosterone secretion.
In addition to these mechanisms, several environmental factors can influence the regulation of corticosterone secretion, including stress, diet, and sleep. Chronic stress can lead to an overactivation of the HPA axis and chronic elevation of corticosterone levels, which can have adverse effects on health. Conversely, adequate sleep, a healthy diet, and stress management techniques can help maintain the proper functioning of the HPA axis and ensure that corticosterone levels are regulated appropriately.'
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Proteins (1)
| Protein | Definition | Taxonomy |
|---|---|---|
| Translocator protein | [no definition available] | Homo sapiens (human) |
Compounds (34)
| Compound | Definition | Classes | Roles |
|---|---|---|---|
| pk 11195 | PK-11195 : A monocarboxylic acid amide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 1-(2-chlorophenyl)isoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid with the amino group of sec-butylmethylamine | aromatic amide; isoquinolines; monocarboxylic acid amide; monochlorobenzenes | antineoplastic agent |
| ro 5-4864 | 4'-chlorodiazepam: selectively binds peripheral benzodiazepine receptor | ||
| clonazepam | clonazepam : 1,3-Dihydro-2H-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one in which the hydrogens at positions 5 and 7 are substituted by 2-chlorophenyl and nitro groups, respectively. It is used in the treatment of all types of epilepsy and seizures, as well as myoclonus and associated abnormal movements, and panic disorders. However, its use can be limited by the development of tolerance and by sedation. Clonazepam: An anticonvulsant used for several types of seizures, including myotonic or atonic seizures, photosensitive epilepsy, and absence seizures, although tolerance may develop. It is seldom effective in generalized tonic-clonic or partial seizures. The mechanism of action appears to involve the enhancement of GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID receptor responses. | 1,4-benzodiazepinone; monochlorobenzenes | anticonvulsant; anxiolytic drug; GABA modulator |
| nordazepam | nordazepam : A 1,4-benzodiazepinone having phenyl and chloro substituents at positions 5 and 7 respectively; it has anticonvulsant, anxiolytic, muscle relaxant and sedative properties but is used primarily in the treatment of anxiety. Nordazepam: An intermediate in the metabolism of DIAZEPAM to OXAZEPAM. It may have actions similar to those of diazepam. | 1,4-benzodiazepinone; organochlorine compound | anticonvulsant; anxiolytic drug; GABA modulator; human metabolite; sedative |
| diazepam | diazepam : A 1,4-benzodiazepinone that is 1,3-dihydro-2H-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one substituted by a chloro group at position 7, a methyl group at position 1 and a phenyl group at position 5. Diazepam: A benzodiazepine with anticonvulsant, anxiolytic, sedative, muscle relaxant, and amnesic properties and a long duration of action. Its actions are mediated by enhancement of GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID activity. | 1,4-benzodiazepinone; organochlorine compound | anticonvulsant; anxiolytic drug; environmental contaminant; sedative; xenobiotic |
| flunitrazepam | flunitrazepam : A 1,4-benzodiazepinone that is nitrazepam substituted by a methyl group at position 1 and by a fluoro group at position 2'. It is a potent hypnotic, sedative, and amnestic drug used to treat chronic insomnia. Flunitrazepam: A benzodiazepine with pharmacologic actions similar to those of DIAZEPAM that can cause ANTEROGRADE AMNESIA. Some reports indicate that it is used as a date rape drug and suggest that it may precipitate violent behavior. The United States Government has banned the importation of this drug. | 1,4-benzodiazepinone; C-nitro compound; monofluorobenzenes | anxiolytic drug; GABAA receptor agonist; sedative |
| lorazepam | Lorazepam: A benzodiazepine used as an anti-anxiety agent with few side effects. It also has hypnotic, anticonvulsant, and considerable sedative properties and has been proposed as a preanesthetic agent. | benzodiazepine | |
| nitrazepam | nitrazepam : A 1,4-benzodiazepinone that is 1,3-dihydro-2H-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one which is substituted at positions 5 and 7 by phenyl and nitro groups, respectively. It is used as a hypnotic for the short-term management of insomnia and for the treatment of epileptic spasms in infants (West's syndrome). Nitrazepam: A benzodiazepine derivative used as an anticonvulsant and hypnotic. | 1,4-benzodiazepinone; C-nitro compound | anticonvulsant; antispasmodic drug; drug metabolite; GABA modulator; sedative |
| cm 7116 | norflutoprazepam: structure | benzodiazepine | |
| oxazepam | oxazepam : A 1,4-benzodiazepinone that is 1,3-dihydro-2H-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one substituted by a chloro group at position 7, a hydroxy group at position 3 and phenyl group at position 5. Oxazepam: A benzodiazepine used in the treatment of anxiety, alcohol withdrawal, and insomnia. | 1,4-benzodiazepinone; organochlorine compound | anxiolytic drug; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic |
| temazepam | Temazepam: A benzodiazepine that acts as a GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID modulator and anti-anxiety agent. | benzodiazepine | |
| chlordesmethyldiazepam | benzodiazepine | ||
| halazepam | halazepam: structure | organic molecular entity | |
| alpidem | imidazoles | ||
| n-desmethylflunitrazepam | |||
| 7-aminonitrazepam | 7-aminonitrazepam: urinary metabolite of nitrazepam | benzodiazepine | |
| ro 20-1815 | 7-aminoflunitrazepam: flunitrazepam metabolite; structure given in first source | benzodiazepine | |
| dx 9065 | |||
| ro 11-6893 | Ro 11-6893: RN given refers to (R)-isomer | ||
| n,n-di-n-hexyl-2-(4-fluorophenyl)indole-3-acetamide | N,N-di-n-hexyl-2-(4-fluorophenyl)indole-3-acetamide: binds with high affinity to glial mitochondrial diazepam binding inhibitor receptors & increases mitochondrial steroidogenesis | phenylindole | |
| 7-aminoclonazepam | benzodiazepine | ||
| ro 5-3438 | Ro 5-3438: structure | ||
| n-desmethylflunitrazepam | N-desmethylflunitrazepam: metabolite of flunitrazepam | ||
| ro 05-4082 | ID 690: methyl deriv of clonazepam; structure | ||
| ac-5216 | |||
| cb 34 | CB 34: ligand for peripheral benzodiazepine receptors; structure in first source | ||
| n-(2-methoxybenzyl)-n-(4-phenoxypyridin-3-yl)acetamide | N-(2-methoxybenzyl)-N-(4-phenoxypyridin-3-yl)acetamide: for imaging brain peripheral benzodiazepine receptors; structure in first source | ||
| ssr180575 | SSR180575: structure in first source | ||
| daa 1106 | |||
| naluzotan | naluzotan: an antidepressant and anti-anxiety agent; structure in first source | ||
| dpa-713 | |||
| a 803467 | A 803467: an Nav1.8 sodium channel blocker; structure in first source | ||
| n-fluoroacetyl-n-(2,5-dimethoxybenzyl)-2-phenoxyaniline | N-fluoroacetyl-N-(2,5-dimethoxybenzyl)-2-phenoxyaniline: a peripheral benzodiazepine receptor PET ligand; structure in first source | ||
| MS-417 | MS-417 : A member of the class of thienotriazolodiazepines that is the methyl ester of [(6S)-4-(4-chlorophenyl)-2,3,9-trimethyl-6H-thieno[3,2-f][1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a][1,4]diazepin-6-yl]acetic acid. A bromodomain and extra-terminal domain (BET)-specific inhibitor that belongs to a group of thienodiazepine-based compounds | methyl ester; monochlorobenzenes; thienotriazolodiazepine |