Page last updated: 2024-10-24
homeostatic process
Definition
Target type: biologicalprocess
Any biological process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state. [GOC:jl, ISBN:0395825172]
Homeostasis is a fundamental biological process that maintains a stable internal environment within an organism. It involves a complex interplay of physiological mechanisms that ensure the proper functioning of cells, tissues, and organs. Homeostasis encompasses a wide range of parameters, including temperature, pH, blood glucose levels, fluid balance, and electrolyte concentration. The body constantly strives to maintain these parameters within a narrow, optimal range, despite external and internal fluctuations. This is achieved through a feedback loop system where sensors detect deviations from the set point, and effectors act to restore balance. The two main types of feedback mechanisms are negative feedback, which counteracts changes to return the system to equilibrium, and positive feedback, which amplifies changes and often leads to a rapid completion of a process. Negative feedback is the most common type of feedback loop in homeostasis. For example, when body temperature rises above the set point, the hypothalamus in the brain triggers responses like sweating and vasodilation to cool the body down. Conversely, when body temperature falls below the set point, shivering and vasoconstriction are activated to generate heat. Homeostasis is essential for life, as it enables cells, tissues, and organs to function optimally. Disruptions to homeostasis can lead to various diseases and disorders. Maintaining a healthy lifestyle through proper nutrition, exercise, and stress management is crucial for supporting the body's homeostatic mechanisms.'
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Proteins (2)
| Protein | Definition | Taxonomy |
|---|---|---|
| CREB-binding protein | A CREB-binding protein that is encoded in the genome of human. [PMID:11331617] | Homo sapiens (human) |
| 60S ribosomal protein L13a | A eukaryotic-type large ribosomal subunit protein uL13 that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:DNx, UniProtKB:P40429] | Homo sapiens (human) |
Compounds (32)
| Compound | Definition | Classes | Roles |
|---|---|---|---|
| altretamine | Altretamine: A hexamethyl-2,4,6-triamine derivative of 1,3,5-triazine. | triamino-1,3,5-triazine | |
| cgs 15943 | 9-chloro-2-(2-furyl)-(1,2,4)triazolo(1,5-c)quinazolin-5-imine: non-xanthine triazoloquinazoline adenosine antagonist CGS 15943 : A member of the class of triazoloquinazolines that is [1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-c]quinazoline substited at positions 2, 5 and 9 by furan-2-yl, amino and chloro groups respectively. A potent antagonist at adenosine A1 and adenosine A2A receptors. | aromatic amine; biaryl; furans; organochlorine compound; primary amino compound; quinazolines; triazoloquinazoline | adenosine A1 receptor antagonist; adenosine A2A receptor antagonist; antineoplastic agent; central nervous system stimulant |
| etazolate | etazolate : A pyrazolopyridine that is 1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine which is substituted at positions 1, 4, and 5 by ethyl, 2-isopropylidenehydrazino, and ethoxycarbonyl groups, respectively. A phosphodiesterase IV inhibitor with antidepressant and anxiolytic properties. Etazolate: A potent phosphodiesterase inhibitor proposed as an antipsychotic agent. | ethyl ester; hydrazone; pyrazolopyridine | alpha-secretase activator; antidepressant; antipsychotic agent; anxiolytic drug; GABA agent; neuroprotective agent; phosphodiesterase IV inhibitor |
| nocodazole | aromatic ketone; benzimidazoles; carbamate ester; thiophenes | antimitotic; antineoplastic agent; microtubule-destabilising agent; tubulin modulator | |
| papaverine | papaverine : A benzylisoquinoline alkaloid that is isoquinoline substituted by methoxy groups at positions 6 and 7 and a 3,4-dimethoxybenzyl group at position 1. It has been isolated from Papaver somniferum. Papaverine: An alkaloid found in opium but not closely related to the other opium alkaloids in its structure or pharmacological actions. It is a direct-acting smooth muscle relaxant used in the treatment of impotence and as a vasodilator, especially for cerebral vasodilation. The mechanism of its pharmacological actions is not clear, but it apparently can inhibit phosphodiesterases and it may have direct actions on calcium channels. | benzylisoquinoline alkaloid; dimethoxybenzene; isoquinolines | antispasmodic drug; vasodilator agent |
| ici 136,753 | pyrazolopyridine | ||
| 3-(5'-hydroxymethyl-2'-furyl)-1-benzylindazole | 3-(5'-hydroxymethyl-2'-furyl)-1-benzylindazole: antineoplastic; activates platelet guanylate cyclase; a radiosensitizing agent and guanylate cyclase activator; structure in first source lificiguat : A member of the class of indazoles that is 1H-indazole which is substituted by a benzyl group at position 1 and a 5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-furyl group at position 3. It is an activator of soluble guanylate cyclase and inhibits platelet aggregation. | aromatic primary alcohol; furans; indazoles | antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; platelet aggregation inhibitor; soluble guanylate cyclase activator; vasodilator agent |
| colchicine | (S)-colchicine : A colchicine that has (S)-configuration. It is a secondary metabolite, has anti-inflammatory properties and is used to treat gout, crystal-induced joint inflammation, familial Mediterranean fever, and many other conditions. | alkaloid; colchicine | anti-inflammatory agent; gout suppressant; mutagen |
| n-methylpyrrolidone | 1-methylpyrrolidin-2-one: structure in first source N-methylpyrrolidin-2-one : A member of the class of pyrrolidine-2-ones that is pyrrolidin-2-one in which the hydrogen attached to the nitrogen is replaced by a methyl group. | lactam; N-alkylpyrrolidine; pyrrolidin-2-ones | polar aprotic solvent |
| 4-Methyl-1,3,4,5-tetrahydro-2H-1,5-benzodiazepin-2-one | benzodiazepine | ||
| epigallocatechin gallate | (-)-epigallocatechin 3-gallate : A gallate ester obtained by the formal condensation of gallic acid with the (3R)-hydroxy group of (-)-epigallocatechin. epigallocatechin gallate: a steroid 5alpha-reductase inhibitor and antimutagen in green tea (Camellia sinensis) | flavans; gallate ester; polyphenol | antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; apoptosis inducer; geroprotector; Hsp90 inhibitor; neuroprotective agent; plant metabolite |
| delphinidin | delphinidin chloride : An anthocyanidin chloride that has delphinidin as the cationic counterpart. Paraffin: A mixture of solid hydrocarbons obtained from petroleum. It has a wide range of uses including as a stiffening agent in ointments, as a lubricant, and as a topical anti-inflammatory. It is also commonly used as an embedding material in histology. | anthocyanidin chloride | |
| oxoglaucine | 1,2,9,10-tetramethoxy-7H-dibenzo(de,g)quinolin-7-one: a phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase p110alpha inhibitor that reactivates latent HIV-1; structure in first source | isoquinoline alkaloid | |
| mrs 1220 | 9-chloro-2-(2-furyl)-5-phenylacetylamino(1,2,4)triazolo(1,5-c)quinazoline: structure in first source | quinazolines | |
| rolipram | (-)-rolipram : The (R)-enantiomer of rolipram. | rolipram | |
| 2-methyl-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1,5-benzoxazepin-4-one | organonitrogen heterocyclic compound; oxacycle | ||
| methyl indole-3-carboxylate | methyl indole-3-carboxylate : The methyl ester of indole-3-carboxylic acid. | indoles; methyl ester | metabolite |
| 4-(1H-benzimidazol-2-ylmethylthio)-2-methylbenzofuro[3,2-d]pyrimidine | benzimidazoles | ||
| 2-(4-benzofuro[3,2-d]pyrimidinylthio)-1-thiophen-2-ylethanone | benzofurans | ||
| curcumin | curcumin : A beta-diketone that is methane in which two of the hydrogens are substituted by feruloyl groups. A natural dyestuff found in the root of Curcuma longa. Curcumin: A yellow-orange dye obtained from tumeric, the powdered root of CURCUMA longa. It is used in the preparation of curcuma paper and the detection of boron. Curcumin appears to possess a spectrum of pharmacological properties, due primarily to its inhibitory effects on metabolic enzymes. | aromatic ether; beta-diketone; diarylheptanoid; enone; polyphenol | anti-inflammatory agent; antifungal agent; antineoplastic agent; biological pigment; contraceptive drug; dye; EC 1.1.1.205 (IMP dehydrogenase) inhibitor; EC 1.1.1.21 (aldehyde reductase) inhibitor; EC 1.1.1.25 (shikimate dehydrogenase) inhibitor; EC 1.6.5.2 [NAD(P)H dehydrogenase (quinone)] inhibitor; EC 1.8.1.9 (thioredoxin reductase) inhibitor; EC 2.7.10.2 (non-specific protein-tyrosine kinase) inhibitor; EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor; flavouring agent; food colouring; geroprotector; hepatoprotective agent; immunomodulator; iron chelator; ligand; lipoxygenase inhibitor; metabolite; neuroprotective agent; nutraceutical; radical scavenger |
| 4-[2-(9-methyl-6-indolo[3,2-b]quinoxalinyl)ethyl]morpholine | quinoxaline derivative | ||
| N-[4,6-bis(4-morpholinyl)-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl]-2-(methylthio)-1,3-benzothiazol-6-amine | benzothiazoles | ||
| fisetin | 3'-hydroxyflavonoid; 7-hydroxyflavonol; tetrahydroxyflavone | anti-inflammatory agent; antioxidant; EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor; geroprotector; metabolite; plant metabolite | |
| gentamicin sulfate | |||
| icg 001 | peptide | ||
| jq1 compound | carboxylic ester; organochlorine compound; tert-butyl ester; thienotriazolodiazepine | angiogenesis inhibitor; anti-inflammatory agent; antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; bromodomain-containing protein 4 inhibitor; cardioprotective agent; ferroptosis inducer | |
| gsk525762a | molibresib: mimicks acetylated histones; structure in first source | benzodiazepine | |
| gsk1210151a | GSK1210151A: inhibitor of the BET family of proteins; structure in first source | imidazoquinoline | |
| i-bet726 | |||
| 2-methoxy-n-(3-methyl-2-oxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinazolin-6-yl)benzenesulfonamide | 2-methoxy-N-(3-methyl-2-oxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinazolin-6-yl)benzenesulfonamide: a probe for bromo and extra C-terminal domain proteins; structure in first source | quinazolines | |
| PF-06446846 | PF-06446846 : A triazolopyridine that is 3H-[1,2,3]triazolo[4,5-b]pyridine substituted by a 4-{(3-chloropyridin-2-yl)[(3R)-piperidin-3-yl]carbamoyl}phenyl group at position 3. It is a potent inhibitor of PCSK9. PF-06446846: inhibits translation of PCSK9 ;structure in first source | benzamides; monochloropyridine; piperidines; tertiary carboxamide; triazolopyridine | antilipemic drug; EC 3.4.21.61 (kexin) inhibitor |
| rvx 208 | apabetalone: a bromodomain and extra-terminal domain protein (BET) inhibitor; prevents interactions between BET proteins and acetyl-lysine residues on histone tails to modify epigenetic regulation |