cellular response to interleukin-13

Definition

Target type: biologicalprocess

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an interleukin-13 stimulus. [GOC:sjw, PMID:20100461]

Interleukin-13 (IL-13) is a pleiotropic cytokine that plays a critical role in immune responses, particularly in the context of allergic inflammation and tissue remodeling. Upon binding to its receptor, IL-13 initiates a complex signaling cascade that results in the modulation of gene expression and cellular functions.

The IL-13 receptor, a heterodimer composed of IL-13Rα1 and IL-4Rα, is expressed on various cell types, including immune cells, epithelial cells, and fibroblasts. Ligand binding triggers the activation of intracellular signaling pathways, primarily the JAK-STAT pathway.

Activation of JAK1 and JAK2 kinases by IL-13 binding leads to phosphorylation of STAT6, a transcription factor. Phosphorylated STAT6 dimerizes and translocates to the nucleus, where it binds to specific DNA sequences known as STAT6 binding sites. This binding event initiates the transcription of target genes involved in various cellular responses.

One of the primary effects of IL-13 signaling is the induction of anti-inflammatory and tissue-repairing genes. IL-13 promotes the production of anti-inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-10, which suppress pro-inflammatory responses. It also upregulates the expression of genes involved in tissue repair and remodeling, including collagen synthesis and extracellular matrix deposition.

Furthermore, IL-13 plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of allergic diseases, such as asthma. It promotes airway hyperresponsiveness, mucus hypersecretion, and eosinophil recruitment to the airways. IL-13 also contributes to the development of fibrosis in various organs, including the lungs and liver.

In summary, the cellular response to IL-13 involves a complex signaling cascade that leads to the modulation of gene expression and cellular functions, resulting in both anti-inflammatory and tissue-repairing effects. However, IL-13 can also contribute to the development of allergic diseases and fibrosis.'
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Proteins (1)

Compounds (60)