Target type: molecularfunction
Catalysis of the transfer of a palmitoleoyl group, a 16-carbon monounsaturated fatty acid (C16:1), to an acceptor molecule. [PMID:17141155, PMID:25731175]
Palmitoleoyltransferase activity refers to the enzymatic capability of transferring a palmitoleoyl group (a 16-carbon unsaturated fatty acid with a double bond at the 9th carbon) from a donor molecule to an acceptor molecule. This process often involves the transfer of palmitoleoyl-CoA (the coenzyme A ester of palmitoleic acid) to a specific target molecule, typically a protein, lipid, or another molecule involved in cellular processes.
The palmitoleoyltransferase enzymes catalyze the addition of palmitoleic acid to their substrates, playing a crucial role in various cellular functions. These functions include:
- **Lipid modification:** Palmitoleoylation can alter the properties of lipids, affecting their membrane association, stability, and interactions with other molecules. This modification can influence the fluidity and function of cellular membranes.
- **Protein modification:** Palmitoleoylation of proteins can regulate their activity, localization, and interactions with other proteins. This modification can be involved in signaling pathways, protein trafficking, and other cellular processes.
- **Signal transduction:** Palmitoleoyltransferases can be involved in signal transduction pathways by modifying signaling molecules or proteins involved in signal reception and transmission.
The specific function of a palmitoleoyltransferase enzyme depends on the nature of the substrate and the cellular context. These enzymes are often involved in metabolic pathways related to lipid metabolism, protein modification, and signal transduction. Their activity can be influenced by various factors, including substrate availability, cellular environment, and regulatory mechanisms.'
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| Protein | Definition | Taxonomy |
|---|---|---|
| Protein-serine O-palmitoleoyltransferase porcupine | A protein-serine O-palmitoleoyltransferase porcupine that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:DNx, UniProtKB:Q9H237] | Homo sapiens (human) |
| Carnitine O-palmitoyltransferase 1, liver isoform | A carnitine O-palmitoyltransferase 1, liver isoform that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:DNx, UniProtKB:P50416] | Homo sapiens (human) |
| Compound | Definition | Classes | Roles |
|---|---|---|---|
| 4-hydroxyphenylglyoxylic acid | 4-hydroxyphenylglyoxylate : Conjugate base of 4-hydroxyphenylglyoxylic acid. 4-hydroxyphenylglyoxylic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd | phenols | |
| amiodarone | amiodarone : A member of the class of 1-benzofurans that is 1-benzofuran substituted by a butyl group at position 2 and a 4-[2-(diethylamino)ethoxy]-3,5-diiodobenzoyl group at position 3. It is a cardiovascular drug used for the treatment of cardiac dysrhythmias. Amiodarone: An antianginal and class III antiarrhythmic drug. It increases the duration of ventricular and atrial muscle action by inhibiting POTASSIUM CHANNELS and VOLTAGE-GATED SODIUM CHANNELS. There is a resulting decrease in heart rate and in vascular resistance. | 1-benzofurans; aromatic ketone; organoiodine compound; tertiary amino compound | cardiovascular drug |
| perhexiline | Perhexiline: 2-(2,2-Dicyclohexylethyl)piperidine. Coronary vasodilator used especially for angina of effort. It may cause neuropathy and hepatitis. | piperidines | cardiovascular drug |
| pioglitazone | pioglitazone : A member of the class of thiazolidenediones that is 1,3-thiazolidine-2,4-dione substituted by a benzyl group at position 5 which in turn is substituted by a 2-(5-ethylpyridin-2-yl)ethoxy group at position 4 of the phenyl ring. It exhibits hypoglycemic activity. Pioglitazone: A thiazolidinedione and PPAR GAMMA agonist that is used in the treatment of TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS. | aromatic ether; pyridines; thiazolidinediones | antidepressant; cardioprotective agent; EC 2.7.1.33 (pantothenate kinase) inhibitor; EC 6.2.1.3 (long-chain-fatty-acid--CoA ligase) inhibitor; ferroptosis inhibitor; geroprotector; hypoglycemic agent; insulin-sensitizing drug; PPARgamma agonist; xenobiotic |
| trimetazidine | Trimetazidine: A vasodilator used in angina of effort or ischemic heart disease. | aromatic amine | |
| 4-hydroxyphenylglycine, (s)-isomer | L-4-hydroxyphenylglycine : The L-enantiomer of 4-hydroxyphenylglycine. | 4-hydroxyphenylglycine | |
| rosiglitazone | aminopyridine; thiazolidinediones | EC 6.2.1.3 (long-chain-fatty-acid--CoA ligase) inhibitor; ferroptosis inhibitor; insulin-sensitizing drug | |
| emeriamine | emeriamine: derived from fungal metabolite emericedin; structure given in first source | ||
| N-(6-methyl-1,3-benzothiazol-2-yl)-2-[(4-oxo-3-phenyl-6,7-dihydrothieno[3,2-d]pyrimidin-2-yl)thio]acetamide | organic heterobicyclic compound; organonitrogen heterocyclic compound; organosulfur heterocyclic compound | ||
| 4-trimethylammonio-3-((tetradecylcarbamoyl)amino)butyrate | |||
| lgk974 | LGK974 : A carboxamide, the structure of which is that of acetamide substituted on carbon by a 2',3-dimethyl-2,4'-bipyridin-5-yl group and on nitrogen by a 5-(pyrazin-2-yl)pyridin-2-yl group. It is a highly potent, selective and orally bioavailable Porcupine inhibitor (a Wnt signalling inhibitor). LGK974: a potent and specific small-molecule inhibitor of Porcupine (PORCN) acyltransferase | bipyridines; pyrazines; pyridines; secondary carboxamide | Wnt signalling inhibitor |
| wnt-c59 | 2-(4-(2-methylpyridin-4-yl)phenyl)-N-(4-(pyridin-3-yl)phenyl)acetamide: a PORCN acyltransferase inhibitor; structure in first source |