peptide lactyltransferase activity

Definition

Target type: molecularfunction

Catalysis of the reaction: (L-lysyl-[protein] + lactoyl-CoA = CoA + H+ + N(6)-lactoyl-L-lysyl-[protein]. [GOC:sp, PMID:31645732, RHEA:61996]

Peptide lactyltransferase activity is a type of transferase activity that involves the transfer of a lactyl group from a donor molecule, typically a sugar such as lactose or N-acetyllactosamine, to an amino acid residue within a peptide. This enzymatic reaction results in the modification of the peptide by the addition of a lactyl group, potentially altering its structure, stability, and biological function.

The specific amino acid residues targeted by peptide lactyltransferases can vary depending on the enzyme and its substrate specificity. Common targets include serine, threonine, and tyrosine residues. The transfer of a lactyl group to these residues can result in the formation of O-linked glycosidic bonds, which can influence the folding and conformation of the peptide.

Peptide lactyltransferases play a significant role in various biological processes, including:

- **Post-translational modification of proteins:** Lactylation is a type of post-translational modification that can affect protein function, stability, and interactions with other molecules.

- **Signal transduction:** Lactylation can modulate the activity of signaling pathways by altering the conformation and interactions of signaling proteins.

- **Immune response:** Lactylation has been implicated in the regulation of immune responses, potentially influencing the activation and differentiation of immune cells.

- **Cellular differentiation:** Lactylation may contribute to the differentiation of cells into specific cell types by modifying the expression and function of key proteins involved in differentiation pathways.

- **Disease pathogenesis:** Aberrant lactylation has been associated with various diseases, including cancer, diabetes, and neurodegenerative disorders.

The precise molecular mechanism by which peptide lactyltransferases catalyze the transfer of a lactyl group remains an area of active research. Understanding the molecular function of peptide lactyltransferases is crucial for gaining insights into their roles in health and disease, and for developing potential therapeutic strategies targeting these enzymes.'
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Proteins (1)

Compounds (30)