flavonoid binding

Definition

Target type: molecularfunction

Binding to a flavonoid, a compound containing two or more aromatic rings, each bearing at least one aromatic hydroxyl and connected with a carbon bridge. [GOC:sl, PMID:20599706]

Flavonoids are a diverse group of polyphenolic compounds found in plants, known for their wide range of biological activities. Their molecular functions are multifaceted, often involving binding to various proteins and enzymes. Flavonoid binding can occur through a variety of mechanisms, depending on the specific flavonoid and target protein.

**1. Enzyme Inhibition:**
* Flavonoids can bind to the active sites of enzymes, acting as competitive inhibitors and hindering their catalytic activity.
* This inhibition can occur through direct interactions with the enzyme's active site residues, leading to structural changes that prevent substrate binding or catalysis.

**2. Receptor Modulation:**
* Flavonoids can bind to receptors, acting as agonists or antagonists, influencing cellular signaling pathways.
* For example, some flavonoids bind to estrogen receptors, exhibiting estrogenic or anti-estrogenic activity.

**3. DNA Interaction:**
* Certain flavonoids can bind to DNA, altering its structure and influencing gene expression.
* This binding can be mediated by the intercalation of flavonoids between DNA base pairs, or by interactions with the DNA grooves.

**4. Metal Chelation:**
* Flavonoids possess chelating properties, meaning they can bind to metal ions like iron and copper.
* This chelation can affect the availability of these metals for biological processes, potentially inhibiting the activity of metal-dependent enzymes.

**5. Antioxidant Activity:**
* Flavonoids act as antioxidants by scavenging free radicals, reducing oxidative stress and protecting cells from damage.
* Their antioxidant activity can be attributed to their ability to donate electrons or hydrogen atoms to free radicals, stabilizing them and preventing further reactions.

**6. Membrane Interaction:**
* Flavonoids can interact with cell membranes, altering their fluidity and permeability.
* These interactions can influence membrane-associated processes such as signal transduction and cell signaling.

Flavonoid binding is a complex phenomenon, with diverse molecular mechanisms and biological implications. Understanding these interactions is crucial for elucidating the therapeutic potential of flavonoids and their role in human health.'
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Proteins (2)

Compounds (15)