superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase activator activity
Definition
Target type: molecularfunction
Binds to and increases the activity of the enzyme superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase. [GOC:ai]
Superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase activator activity refers to the ability of a molecule or complex to stimulate the production of superoxide radicals (O2-) by NADPH oxidases. These enzymes are crucial for various biological processes, including host defense against pathogens, cell signaling, and regulation of vascular tone.
NADPH oxidases catalyze the transfer of electrons from NADPH to molecular oxygen, generating superoxide as a by-product. This process is tightly regulated and involves the assembly of a multi-protein complex at the cell membrane.
Superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase activators can function through various mechanisms. Some activators directly interact with NADPH oxidases, promoting their assembly and activation. Others might act indirectly by modulating the activity of upstream signaling pathways that control NADPH oxidase activity.
Examples of activators include:
- **Growth factors:** Such as platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) and epidermal growth factor (EGF), can stimulate NADPH oxidase activity through activation of protein kinase C (PKC) and other signaling pathways.
- **Cytokines:** Like tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-1 (IL-1), can trigger NADPH oxidase activation via activation of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) and other signaling pathways.
- **Reactive oxygen species (ROS):** Superoxide itself can act as a positive feedback activator of NADPH oxidases. This creates a vicious cycle that amplifies ROS production.
Understanding the molecular function of superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase activators is essential for unraveling the intricate mechanisms involved in various physiological and pathological processes. It also provides valuable insight into potential therapeutic targets for diseases associated with dysregulation of NADPH oxidase activity, such as inflammation, cancer, and cardiovascular diseases.'
"
Proteins (1)
| Protein | Definition | Taxonomy |
|---|---|---|
| Neutrophil cytosol factor 1 | A neutrophil cytosol factor 1 that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:DNx, UniProtKB:P14598] | Homo sapiens (human) |
Compounds (18)
| Compound | Definition | Classes | Roles |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1-(1-naphthyl)piperazine | 1-(1-naphthyl)piperazine: serotonin agonist; structure given in first source | N-arylpiperazine | |
| ebselen | ebselen : A benzoselenazole that is 1,2-benzoselenazol-3-one carrying an additional phenyl substituent at position 2. Acts as a mimic of glutathione peroxidase. | benzoselenazole | anti-inflammatory drug; antibacterial agent; anticoronaviral agent; antifungal agent; antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; apoptosis inducer; EC 1.13.11.33 (arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase) inhibitor; EC 1.13.11.34 (arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase) inhibitor; EC 1.3.1.8 [acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (NADP(+))] inhibitor; EC 1.8.1.12 (trypanothione-disulfide reductase) inhibitor; EC 2.5.1.7 (UDP-N-acetylglucosamine 1-carboxyvinyltransferase) inhibitor; EC 2.7.10.1 (receptor protein-tyrosine kinase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.3.25 (inositol-phosphate phosphatase) inhibitor; EC 3.4.22.69 (SARS coronavirus main proteinase) inhibitor; EC 3.5.4.1 (cytosine deaminase) inhibitor; EC 5.1.3.2 (UDP-glucose 4-epimerase) inhibitor; enzyme mimic; ferroptosis inhibitor; genotoxin; hepatoprotective agent; neuroprotective agent; radical scavenger |
| quipazine | Quipazine: A pharmacologic congener of serotonin that contracts smooth muscle and has actions similar to those of tricyclic antidepressants. It has been proposed as an oxytocic. | piperazines; pyridines | |
| carbostyril | quinolin-2(1H)-one : A quinolone that is 1,2-dihydroquinoline substituted by an oxo group at position 2. Quinolones: A group of derivatives of naphthyridine carboxylic acid, quinoline carboxylic acid, or NALIDIXIC ACID. | monohydroxyquinoline; quinolone | bacterial xenobiotic metabolite |
| quinoline | azaarene; mancude organic heterobicyclic parent; ortho-fused heteroarene; quinolines | ||
| 2-naphthylamine | 2-naphthylamine : A naphthylamine carrying the amino group at position 2. 2-Naphthylamine: A naphthalene derivative with carcinogenic action. | naphthylamine | carcinogenic agent |
| 2-methylquinoline | 2-methylquinoline: RN given refers to parent cpd methylquinoline : Any member of the class of quinolines carrying at least one methyl substituent. quinaldine : A quinoline compound in which the quinoline skeleton is substituted at C-2 with a methyl group. | quinolines | |
| 2-aminopyrimidine | aminopyrimidine : A member of the class of pyrimidines that is pyrimidine substituted by at least one amino group and its derivatives. pyrimidin-2-amine : An aminopyrimidine carrying an amino group at position 2. | aminopyrimidine | |
| 2-aminobenzothiazole | benzothiazoles | ||
| alpha-aminopyridine | alpha-aminopyridine: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure in Merck Index, 9th ed, #485 aminopyridine : Compounds containing a pyridine skeleton substituted by one or more amine groups. | ||
| 8-aminoquinoline | |||
| 6-aminoquinoline | |||
| 1,2-Dihydroquinolin-2-imine | aminoquinoline | ||
| 5-aminoquinoline | |||
| 4-aminoquinoline | |||
| 1-(4-pyridyl)piperazine | 1-(4-pyridyl)piperazine: structure in first source | ||
| 1-aminoisoquinoline | |||
| 4-amino-2-methylquinoline | 4-amino-2-methylquinoline: used to induce miniature endplate potentials |