NAD(P)H oxidase H2O2-forming activity

Definition

Target type: molecularfunction

Catalysis of the reaction: NAD(P)H + H+ + O2 = NAD(P)+ + hydrogen peroxide. [EC:1.6.3.1, PMID:10401672, PMID:10601291, PMID:11822874, RHEA:11260]

NAD(P)H oxidase H2O2-forming activity is a crucial enzymatic function involved in the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), specifically hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). This activity is catalyzed by a family of enzymes known as NAD(P)H oxidases, which are membrane-bound proteins that utilize NADPH or NADH as electron donors. The mechanism involves the transfer of electrons from NAD(P)H to molecular oxygen, generating superoxide anion (O2-) as an intermediate. Superoxide anion is then dismutated to hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) by superoxide dismutase. NAD(P)H oxidase H2O2-forming activity plays a significant role in various cellular processes, including signal transduction, immune response, and pathogen defense. It contributes to the activation of signaling pathways, such as the MAPK and NF-κB pathways, by modulating the redox state of key cellular components. Furthermore, the production of H2O2 by NAD(P)H oxidases is essential for the activity of certain antimicrobial enzymes and contributes to the formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). However, excessive or dysregulated NAD(P)H oxidase activity can lead to oxidative stress, contributing to various pathologies, including inflammation, cardiovascular disease, and cancer.'
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Proteins (3)

Compounds (13)