gamma-aminobutyric acid transmembrane transporter activity

Definition

Target type: molecularfunction

Enables the transfer of gamma-aminobutyric acid from one side of a membrane to the other. Gamma-aminobutyric acid is 4-aminobutyrate (GABA). [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0198506732, ISBN:0815340729]

Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) transmembrane transporter activity involves the movement of GABA across cell membranes. GABA is a neurotransmitter that plays a crucial role in inhibiting neuronal activity in the central nervous system. GABA transporters, also known as GABAergic transporters, are integral membrane proteins responsible for the reuptake of GABA from the synaptic cleft, the space between neurons where neurotransmission occurs. This reuptake process terminates GABA signaling and ensures efficient neurotransmission. GABA transporters are highly selective for GABA and utilize the energy from the electrochemical gradient of sodium ions (Na+) to transport GABA against its concentration gradient. The transport cycle involves several steps: 1. Binding of GABA and Na+ ions to the transporter. 2. Conformational change in the transporter protein, allowing GABA to move across the membrane. 3. Release of GABA and Na+ ions on the intracellular side of the membrane. 4. Return of the transporter to its initial conformation. GABA transporter activity is essential for maintaining proper neuronal function. Dysregulation of GABA transporter activity has been implicated in various neurological disorders, including epilepsy, anxiety disorders, and depression.'
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Proteins (4)

Compounds (20)