nuclear periphery

Definition

Target type: cellularcomponent

The portion of the nuclear lumen proximal to the inner nuclear membrane. [GOC:krc, GOC:mah]

The nuclear periphery is the outermost region of the nucleus, encompassing the nuclear envelope, the lamina, and associated proteins and structures. It acts as a dynamic interface between the nucleus and the cytoplasm, playing crucial roles in various cellular processes including gene regulation, DNA replication, and nuclear organization.

The **nuclear envelope**, a double-membrane structure, encloses the nucleus and separates its contents from the cytoplasm. The outer membrane is continuous with the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and studded with ribosomes, while the inner membrane faces the nucleoplasm and is associated with the nuclear lamina.

The **nuclear lamina**, a mesh-like protein network composed primarily of lamins, is positioned just beneath the inner nuclear membrane. Lamin proteins, belonging to the intermediate filament family, interact with each other and with other nuclear proteins to provide structural support for the nuclear envelope and regulate nuclear shape and integrity. The lamina also serves as an attachment site for chromatin, facilitating the organization and anchoring of DNA within the nucleus.

In addition to the nuclear envelope and lamina, the nuclear periphery encompasses several other important components:

* **Nuclear pore complexes (NPCs):** Large protein complexes embedded in the nuclear envelope that act as selective gateways for the transport of molecules between the nucleus and cytoplasm. NPCs facilitate the movement of proteins, RNA, and other molecules across the nuclear envelope, ensuring the proper functioning of nuclear processes.

* **Chromatin:** The genetic material of the cell, organized into DNA and associated proteins. The nuclear periphery plays a crucial role in the organization and positioning of chromatin within the nucleus, influencing gene expression and regulation.

* **Nuclear bodies:** Specialized subnuclear compartments, such as Cajal bodies and nucleoli, which are involved in various nuclear functions, including RNA processing and ribosome biogenesis. The nuclear periphery contributes to the formation and positioning of these structures.

* **Peripheral membrane proteins:** A diverse group of proteins associated with the inner nuclear membrane, participating in various processes, including chromatin organization, nuclear transport, and signal transduction.

The nuclear periphery is a highly dynamic and complex structure that plays a critical role in maintaining nuclear integrity and regulating cellular processes. Its intricate network of components ensures the proper functioning of the nucleus and contributes to the overall health and function of the cell.'
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Proteins (1)

Compounds (18)