salivary gland cavitation
Definition
Target type: biologicalprocess
The process in which the solid core of salivary epithelium gives rise to the hollow tube of the gland. [GOC:dph]
Salivary gland cavitation is a complex biological process that involves the formation of fluid-filled cavities within the salivary glands. This process typically occurs during development, but can also be associated with pathological conditions. The specific mechanisms involved in salivary gland cavitation are still under investigation, but it is thought to be a multi-step process involving cell death, tissue remodeling, and the accumulation of fluid.
**1. Cell Death:** The process often begins with the death of salivary gland cells. This cell death can occur through apoptosis (programmed cell death) or necrosis (uncontrolled cell death). Apoptosis is a more controlled process that involves the activation of specific enzymes that break down cellular components. Necrosis, on the other hand, is a more chaotic process that can result from injury or infection.
**2. Tissue Remodeling:** After cell death, the surrounding tissue undergoes a process of remodeling. This remodeling involves the breakdown of extracellular matrix components and the migration of inflammatory cells. The inflammatory cells contribute to the breakdown of tissue and the formation of cavities.
**3. Fluid Accumulation:** As the cavities form, fluid begins to accumulate within them. This fluid can originate from a number of sources, including blood plasma, saliva, and inflammatory exudate. The accumulation of fluid can further enlarge the cavities and contribute to the formation of cysts.
**4. Cyst Formation:** In some cases, the cavities may become lined by epithelial cells and form cysts. These cysts can grow to a significant size and may cause symptoms such as pain, swelling, or difficulty swallowing.
**5. Pathological Conditions:** Cavitation in salivary glands can be associated with a number of pathological conditions, including Sjögren's syndrome, sialadenitis, and salivary gland tumors. In these conditions, the process of cavitation can contribute to the destruction of glandular tissue and the impairment of salivary gland function.
The precise mechanisms involved in salivary gland cavitation may vary depending on the specific condition and the developmental stage. However, the process generally involves cell death, tissue remodeling, and fluid accumulation. Understanding the biological processes involved in salivary gland cavitation is essential for developing effective treatments for related conditions.'
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Proteins (2)
| Protein | Definition | Taxonomy |
|---|---|---|
| Sonic hedgehog protein | A sonic hedgehog protein that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:DNx, UniProtKB:Q15465] | Homo sapiens (human) |
| Protein-glutamine gamma-glutamyltransferase 2 | A protein-glutamine gamma-glutamyltransferase 2 that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:DNx, UniProtKB:P21980] | Homo sapiens (human) |
Compounds (21)
| Compound | Definition | Classes | Roles |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1-(2-naphthalenyl)-3-[(phenylmethyl)-propan-2-ylamino]-1-propanone | ZM39923: structure in first source | naphthalenes | |
| beta-lapachone | beta-lapachone : A benzochromenone that is 3,4-dihydro-2H-benzo[h]chromene-5,6-dione substituted by geminal methyl groups at position 2. Isolated from Tabebuia avellanedae, it exhibits antineoplastic and anti-inflammatory activities. beta-lapachone: antineoplastic inhibitor of reverse transcriptase, DNA topoisomerase, and DNA polymerase | benzochromenone; orthoquinones | anti-inflammatory agent; antineoplastic agent; plant metabolite |
| vitamin k 3 | Vitamin K 3: A synthetic naphthoquinone without the isoprenoid side chain and biological activity, but can be converted to active vitamin K2, menaquinone, after alkylation in vivo. | 1,4-naphthoquinones; vitamin K | angiogenesis inhibitor; antineoplastic agent; EC 3.4.22.69 (SARS coronavirus main proteinase) inhibitor; human urinary metabolite; nutraceutical |
| 5-bromoisatin | indoles | anticoronaviral agent | |
| isatin | tribulin: endogenous MONOAMINE OXIDASE inhibitory activity extractable into ethyl acetate found in brain and many mammalian tissues and fluids; ISATIN is a major component; produced in excess following alcohol withdrawal; | indoledione | EC 1.4.3.4 (monoamine oxidase) inhibitor; plant metabolite |
| jervine | jervine: teratogen from Veratrum grandiflorum; RN given refers to parent cpd(3beta,23beta)-isomer; structure | piperidines | |
| indirubin | |||
| 5-Chloro-1H-indole-2,3-dione | indoles | anticoronaviral agent | |
| 5-iodoisatin | 5-iodoisatin: structure in first source | indoles | anticoronaviral agent |
| isoindigotin | isoindigotin: used in treatment of chronic granulocytic leukemia; structure given in first source | ||
| n-phenylacrylamide | N-phenylacrylamide: structure in first source | ||
| nsc 95397 | 1,4-naphthoquinones | ||
| cyclopamine | piperidines | glioma-associated oncogene inhibitor | |
| ag-213 | tyrphostin 47: inhibits protein-tyrosine kinase activity of EGF-R both in vitro and in living cells; | ||
| rottlerin | rottlerin : A chromenol that is 2,2-dimethyl-2H-chromene substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 5 and 7, a 3-acetyl-2,4,6-trihydroxy-5-methylbenzyl group at position 6 and a (1E)-3-oxo-1-phenylprop-1-en-3-yl group at position 8. A potassium channel opener, it is isolated from Mallotus philippensis. rottlerin: an angiogenesis inhibitor; an inhibitor of protein kinase Cdelta (PKCdelta) and calmodulin kinase III; RN refers to (E)-isomer; do not confuse this chalcone with an anthraquinone that is also called rottlerin (RN 481-72-1); | aromatic ketone; benzenetriol; chromenol; enone; methyl ketone | anti-allergic agent; antihypertensive agent; antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; K-ATP channel agonist; metabolite |
| gw-5074 | |||
| cur 61414 | CUR 61414: inhibits the hedehog signaling pathway; structure in first source | ||
| gdc 0449 | HhAntag691: inhibits the hedgehog pathway and ABC transporters; has antineoplastic activity | benzamides; monochlorobenzenes; pyridines; sulfone | antineoplastic agent; Hedgehog signaling pathway inhibitor; SMO receptor antagonist; teratogenic agent |
| robotnikinin | robotnikinin: binds sonic hedgehog protein to block its signaling pathway; structure in first source | ||
| glutaminase | |||
| guanylyl imidodiphosphate | guanosine 5'-[beta,gamma-imido]triphosphate : A nucleoside triphosphate analogue that is GTP in which the oxygen atom bridging the beta- to the gamma- phosphate is replaced by a nitrogen atom A non-hydrolyzable analog of GTP, it binds tightly to G-protein in the presence of Mg(2+). Guanylyl Imidodiphosphate: A non-hydrolyzable analog of GTP, in which the oxygen atom bridging the beta to the gamma phosphate is replaced by a nitrogen atom. It binds tightly to G-protein in the presence of Mg2+. The nucleotide is a potent stimulator of ADENYLYL CYCLASES. | nucleoside triphosphate analogue |