lactose catabolic process

Definition

Target type: biologicalprocess

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of lactose, the disaccharide galactopyranosyl-glucose. [GOC:go_curators]

Lactose catabolism is a complex process that breaks down lactose, a disaccharide found in milk, into simpler sugars that can be absorbed by the body. This process is initiated by the enzyme lactase, which is produced in the small intestine. Lactase breaks the glycosidic bond between glucose and galactose, the two monosaccharides that make up lactose. This hydrolysis reaction produces glucose and galactose, which are then absorbed into the bloodstream. In the absence of lactase, lactose cannot be digested properly, leading to lactose intolerance. Undigested lactose passes into the large intestine, where bacteria ferment it, producing gas and causing bloating, diarrhea, and abdominal cramps. Lactose catabolism is an essential process for infants and young children, who rely on milk as their primary source of nutrition. However, as individuals age, the production of lactase may decline, leading to a decrease in the ability to digest lactose. This is known as lactose intolerance, which affects a significant portion of the world's population. The catabolism of lactose is a crucial step in the utilization of milk as a nutrient source and plays a vital role in the overall health and well-being of individuals.'
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Proteins (3)

Compounds (8)