peptide butyryltransferase activity

Definition

Target type: molecularfunction

Catalysis of the reaction: butyryl-CoA + lysine in peptide = CoA + N-butyryl-lysine-peptide. [PMID:27105113]

Peptide butyryltransferase activity refers to the enzymatic transfer of a butyryl group from butyryl coenzyme A (CoA) to a peptide. This reaction typically occurs on the ε-amino group of lysine residues within the peptide substrate. The butyryl group is a four-carbon acyl chain, and its addition to the peptide can significantly alter its properties.

Butyryltransferases play a crucial role in various biological processes, including:

* **Post-translational modification:** Butyrylation is a post-translational modification that can alter protein structure, function, and stability.
* **Regulation of protein activity:** Butyrylation can regulate the activity of certain enzymes and signaling proteins.
* **Cellular signaling:** Butyrylation is involved in various cellular signaling pathways, including those involved in inflammation and immunity.

The specific function of a peptide butyryltransferase depends on the target protein and the cellular context. However, butyrylation is generally associated with:

* **Increased hydrophobicity:** The addition of a butyryl group increases the hydrophobicity of the peptide, potentially altering its interactions with other molecules.
* **Altered protein conformation:** Butyrylation can induce changes in protein structure, leading to changes in protein function.
* **Modulation of protein-protein interactions:** Butyrylation can affect the ability of a protein to interact with other proteins.

The butyryltransferase enzymes themselves are often highly specific for their target substrates, ensuring precise regulation of butyrylation. The activity of these enzymes can be influenced by various factors, including cellular environment, substrate availability, and post-translational modifications.'
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Proteins (2)

Compounds (25)