O-acyltransferase activity

Definition

Target type: molecularfunction

Catalysis of the transfer of an acyl group to an oxygen atom on the acceptor molecule. [GOC:ai]

O-acyltransferase activity refers to the enzymatic transfer of an acyl group from an acyl donor molecule, such as an acyl-CoA or an acyl phosphate, to an acceptor molecule. This reaction typically involves the formation of an ester bond between the acyl group and a hydroxyl group on the acceptor molecule. O-acyltransferases play crucial roles in a wide range of cellular processes, including lipid metabolism, signal transduction, protein modification, and biosynthesis of secondary metabolites. The specific function of an O-acyltransferase depends on its substrate specificity, which is determined by the active site of the enzyme. Some O-acyltransferases are highly specific for a particular acceptor molecule, while others exhibit broader substrate specificity. The catalytic mechanism of O-acyltransferases typically involves a two-step process. In the first step, the acyl donor molecule binds to the active site of the enzyme. In the second step, the acyl group is transferred from the donor molecule to the acceptor molecule. This transfer reaction is often facilitated by the presence of a catalytic residue in the active site, such as a histidine or a cysteine. The activity of O-acyltransferases can be regulated by various factors, including substrate availability, pH, temperature, and the presence of cofactors or inhibitors. The dysregulation of O-acyltransferase activity has been implicated in a variety of diseases, including cancer, diabetes, and neurodegenerative disorders. Therefore, O-acyltransferases are potential targets for drug discovery and development. '
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Proteins (6)

Compounds (23)