succinate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase (NAD+) activity
Definition
Target type: molecularfunction
Catalysis of the reaction: succinate semialdehyde + NAD+ + H2O = succinate + NADH + H+. [RHEA:13217]
Succinate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase (NAD+) catalyzes the reversible oxidation of succinate semialdehyde to succinate using NAD+ as an electron acceptor. This enzyme plays a critical role in the γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) shunt, an alternative pathway for the metabolism of glutamate. The GABA shunt is particularly important in the brain, where it contributes to the biosynthesis and degradation of GABA, the primary inhibitory neurotransmitter. In the first step of the GABA shunt, glutamate is decarboxylated to GABA by glutamate decarboxylase. GABA is then oxidized to succinate semialdehyde by GABA transaminase. Finally, succinate semialdehyde dehydrogenase (NAD+) oxidizes succinate semialdehyde to succinate, regenerating the precursor for glutamate. This enzymatic activity is crucial for maintaining GABA homeostasis and proper neuronal function. Additionally, succinate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase (NAD+) may also participate in the metabolism of other compounds, including 4-aminobutyrate and proline.'
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Proteins (1)
| Protein | Definition | Taxonomy |
|---|---|---|
| Succinate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase, mitochondrial | A succinate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase, mitochondrial that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:DNx, UniProtKB:P51649] | Homo sapiens (human) |
Compounds (12)
| Compound | Definition | Classes | Roles |
|---|---|---|---|
| 4-hydroxybenzyl alcohol | 4-hydroxybenzyl alcohol: the aglycone of gastrodin p-hydroxybenzyl alcohol : A member of the class of benzyl alcohols that is benzyl alcohol substituted by a hydroxy group at position 4. It has been isolated from Arcangelisia gusanlung. | benzyl alcohols; phenols | plant metabolite |
| 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde | hydroxybenzaldehyde | EC 1.14.17.1 (dopamine beta-monooxygenase) inhibitor; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite | |
| 4-hydroxybenzoic acid | 4-hydroxybenzoic acid : A monohydroxybenzoic acid that is benzoic acid carrying a hydroxy substituent at C-4 of the benzene ring. | monohydroxybenzoic acid | algal metabolite; plant metabolite |
| 4-aminobenzoic acid | 4-aminobenzoic acid : An aminobenzoic acid in which the amino group is para to the carboxy group. 4-Aminobenzoic Acid: An aminobenzoic acid isomer that combines with pteridine and GLUTAMIC ACID to form FOLIC ACID. The fact that 4-aminobenzoic acid absorbs light throughout the UVB range has also resulted in its use as an ingredient in SUNSCREENS. 4-ammoniobenzoate : A zwitterion obtained by transfer of a proton from the carboxy to the amino group of 4-aminobenzoic acid. | aminobenzoic acid; aromatic amino-acid zwitterion | allergen; Escherichia coli metabolite; plant metabolite |
| vanillin | Vanilla: A plant genus of the family ORCHIDACEAE that is the source of the familiar flavoring used in foods and medicines (FLAVORING AGENTS). | benzaldehydes; monomethoxybenzene; phenols | anti-inflammatory agent; anticonvulsant; antioxidant; flavouring agent; plant metabolite |
| 4-hydroxypropiophenone | acetophenones | ||
| 4-hydroxyacetophenone | 4-hydroxyacetophenone: promotes secretion of bile & bile salts, which promotes griseofulvin absorption in the duodenum 4'-hydroxyacetophenone : A monohydroxyacetophenone carrying a hydroxy substituent at position 4'. | monohydroxyacetophenone | fungal metabolite; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite |
| 4-anisaldehyde | 4-anisaldehyde: RN given refers to cpd with specified locants for methoxy moieties; structure in Merck, 9th ed, #696 p-methoxybenzaldehyde : A member of the class of benzaldehydes consisting of benzaldehyde itself carrying a methoxy substituent at position 4. | benzaldehydes | bacterial metabolite; human urinary metabolite; insect repellent; plant metabolite |
| 4-hydroxybenzylamine | 4-hydroxybenzylamine: RN given refers to parent cpd | aromatic amine | |
| gastrodin | gastrodin: the glucoside of 4-hydroxybenzyl alcohol (gastrodigenin); isolated from Gastrodia elata Blume; | glycoside | |
| scutellarein | scutellarein : Flavone substituted with hydroxy groups at C-4', -5, -6 and -7. scutellarein: aglycone of scutellarin from Scutellaria baicalensis; carthamidin is 2S isomer of scutellarein; do not confuse with isoscutellarein and/or isocarthamidin which are respective regioisomers, or with the scutelarin protein | tetrahydroxyflavone | metabolite |
| helicide | helicide: structure given in first source | glycoside |