Target type: molecularfunction
Catalysis of the transfer of a prenyl group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor). [GOC:mah]
Prenyltransferases are a diverse family of enzymes that catalyze the transfer of isoprenoid units from prenyl diphosphate donors to a wide variety of acceptor molecules. These reactions are essential for the biosynthesis of a vast array of biologically important molecules, including sterols, ubiquinones, dolichols, and many secondary metabolites. The isoprenoid units transferred by prenyltransferases are typically isopentenyl diphosphate (IPP) or dimethylallyl diphosphate (DMAPP), which are derived from the mevalonate pathway or the methylerythritol 4-phosphate (MEP) pathway. Prenyltransferases employ a two-step reaction mechanism: first, the prenyl diphosphate donor binds to the enzyme, followed by the binding of the acceptor molecule. The enzyme then catalyzes the transfer of the isoprenoid unit from the donor to the acceptor molecule, generating a new prenylated product. The prenyltransferases exhibit a wide range of substrate specificity, which is determined by the specific amino acid residues in the active site of the enzyme. The diversity of prenyltransferases and their substrate specificities reflect the wide range of prenylated molecules that are essential for cellular function.'
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| Protein | Definition | Taxonomy |
|---|---|---|
| Farnesyl diphosphate synthase | A farnesyl diphosphate synthase that is encoded in the genome of Escherichia coli K-12. [PRO:DNx, UniProtKB:P22939] | Escherichia coli K-12 |
| Geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate synthase | A geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate synthase that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:DNx, UniProtKB:O95749] | Homo sapiens (human) |
| Compound | Definition | Classes | Roles |
|---|---|---|---|
| alendronate | alendronic acid : A 1,1-bis(phosphonic acid) that is methanebis(phosphonic acid) in which the two methylene hydrogens are replaced by hydroxy and 3-aminopropyl groups. | 1,1-bis(phosphonic acid); primary amino compound | bone density conservation agent; EC 2.5.1.1 (dimethylallyltranstransferase) inhibitor |
| pamidronate | phosphonoacetic acid | ||
| risedronic acid | Risedronic Acid: A pyridine and diphosphonic acid derivative that acts as a CALCIUM CHANNEL BLOCKER and inhibits BONE RESORPTION. | pyridines | |
| ibandronic acid | Ibandronic Acid: Aminobisphosphonate that is a potent inhibitor of BONE RESORPTION. It is used in the treatment of HYPERCALCEMIA associated with malignancy, for the prevention of fracture and bone complications in patients with breast cancer and bone metastases, and for the treatment and prevention of POSTMENOPAUSAL OSTEOPOROSIS. | ||
| zoledronic acid | zoledronic acid : An imidazole compound having a 2,2-bis(phosphono)-2-hydroxyethane-1-yl substituent at the 1-position. Zoledronic Acid: An imidobisphosphonate inhibitor of BONE RESORPTION that is used for the treatment of malignancy-related HYPERCALCEMIA; OSTEITIS DEFORMANS; and OSTEOPOROSIS. | 1,1-bis(phosphonic acid); imidazoles | bone density conservation agent |
| 6-amino-1-hydroxyhexane-1,1-diphosphonate | 6-amino-1-hydroxyhexane-1,1-diphosphonate: used for therapy of Paget's disease of bone & malignant hypercalcaemia | 1,1-bis(phosphonic acid) | |
| ne 58051 | NE 58051: inhibits tumor cell adhesion to extracellular matrices; structure in first source | ||
| ym 529 | YM 529: inhibits osteoclastic bone resorption; structure given in first source | ||
| 1-hydroxypentane-1,1-bisphosphonate | |||
| 1,1-hydroxyoctanodiphosphonate | |||
| farnesyl pyrophosphate | 2-trans,6-trans-farnesyl diphosphate : The trans,trans-stereoisomer of farnesyl diphosphate. farnesyl pyrophosphate: a sesquiterpene that dimerizes to SQUALENE; RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation | farnesyl diphosphate | Escherichia coli metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| sq 109 | N-geranyl-N'-(2-adamantyl)ethane-1,2-diamine: has antitubercular activity | ||
| digeranyl bisphosphonate | digeranyl bisphosphonate: structure in first source |