RNA cap binding
Definition
Target type: molecularfunction
Binding to a 7-methylguanosine (m7G) group or derivative located at the 5' end of an RNA molecule. [GOC:krc]
RNA cap binding is a fundamental molecular function in eukaryotic gene expression. It involves the specific recognition and binding of the 5’ cap structure, a 7-methylguanosine (m7G) residue linked to the first nucleotide of the mRNA transcript, by proteins known as cap-binding proteins. This interaction plays a crucial role in various cellular processes, including:
1. **mRNA stability:** The 5' cap protects mRNA from degradation by exonucleases, extending its lifespan and allowing for efficient translation.
2. **mRNA translation initiation:** Cap-binding proteins, such as eukaryotic initiation factor 4E (eIF4E), recruit the mRNA to the ribosome, facilitating the initiation of protein synthesis.
3. **Nuclear export:** The cap structure is essential for mRNA export from the nucleus to the cytoplasm, where translation occurs.
4. **Splicing and polyadenylation:** The cap can also influence splicing and polyadenylation, processes that ensure the proper maturation of mRNA.
The interaction between cap-binding proteins and the 5' cap is highly specific and relies on a combination of electrostatic, hydrophobic, and hydrogen bonding interactions. This precise recognition ensures that only mature and functional mRNAs are processed and translated, contributing to the fidelity of gene expression.'
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Proteins (2)
| Protein | Definition | Taxonomy |
|---|---|---|
| Eukaryotic initiation factor 4A-I | A eukaryotic initiation factor 4A-I that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:DNx] | Homo sapiens (human) |
| Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E | A eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:DNx, UniProtKB:P06730] | Homo sapiens (human) |
Compounds (9)
| Compound | Definition | Classes | Roles |
|---|---|---|---|
| cycloheximide | cycloheximide : A dicarboximide that is 4-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperidine-2,6-dione in which one of the hydrogens attached to the carbon bearing the hydroxy group is replaced by a 3,5-dimethyl-2-oxocyclohexyl group. It is an antibiotic produced by the bacterium Streptomyces griseus. Cycloheximide: Antibiotic substance isolated from streptomycin-producing strains of Streptomyces griseus. It acts by inhibiting elongation during protein synthesis. | antibiotic fungicide; cyclic ketone; dicarboximide; piperidine antibiotic; piperidones; secondary alcohol | anticoronaviral agent; bacterial metabolite; ferroptosis inhibitor; neuroprotective agent; protein synthesis inhibitor |
| rocaglamide | rocaglamide : An organic heterotricyclic compound that is 2,3,3a,8b-tetrahydro-1H-benzo[b]cyclopenta[d]furan substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 1 and 8b, methoxy groups at positions 6 and 8, a 4-methoxyphenyl group at position 3a, a phenyl group at position 3 and a N,N-dimethylcarbamoyl group at position 1. Isolated from Aglaia odorata and Aglaia duperreana, it exhibits antineoplastic activity. rocaglamide: RN refers to (1alpha,2alpha,3beta,3abeta,8bbeta)-isomer; isolated from stems of Aglaia elliptifolia; structure given in first source | monocarboxylic acid amide; monomethoxybenzene; organic heterotricyclic compound | antileishmanial agent; antineoplastic agent; metabolite |
| aglafoline | aglafolin : A heterotricyclic compound based on a 2,3,3a,8b-tetrahydro-1H-benzo[b]cyclopenta[d]furan framework substituted by hydroxy groups at positions C-1 and C-8b, a methoxycarbonyl group at C-2, a phenyl group at C-3, a 4-methoxyphenyl group at C-3a and methoxy groups at C-6 and C-8. A platelet aggregation inhibitor found in Aglaia elliptifolia and Aglaia odorata. aglafoline: a platelet activating factor antagonist; structure given in first source; isolated from Aglaia elliptifolia | methyl ester; organic heterotricyclic compound | metabolite; platelet aggregation inhibitor |
| sirolimus | sirolimus : A macrolide lactam isolated from Streptomyces hygroscopicus consisting of a 29-membered ring containing 4 trans double bonds, three of which are conjugated. It is an antibiotic, immunosupressive and antineoplastic agent. Sirolimus: A macrolide compound obtained from Streptomyces hygroscopicus that acts by selectively blocking the transcriptional activation of cytokines thereby inhibiting cytokine production. It is bioactive only when bound to IMMUNOPHILINS. Sirolimus is a potent immunosuppressant and possesses both antifungal and antineoplastic properties. | antibiotic antifungal drug; cyclic acetal; cyclic ketone; ether; macrolide lactam; organic heterotricyclic compound; secondary alcohol | antibacterial drug; anticoronaviral agent; antineoplastic agent; bacterial metabolite; geroprotector; immunosuppressive agent; mTOR inhibitor |
| 6-mercapto-7-methylguanosine | 6-mercapto-7-methylguanosine: structure given in first source | ||
| hippuristanol | hippuristanol: from the gorgonian Isis hippuris | ||
| cgp 57380 | CGP 57380: inhibits the mitogen-activated protein kinase-interacting kinase Mnk1 | pyrazolopyrimidine | |
| silvestrol | silvestrol : An organic heterotricyclic compound that consists of a 2,3,3a,8b-tetrahydro-H-benzo[b]cyclopenta[d]furan framework substituted by hydroxy groups at positions C-1 and C-8b, a methoxycarbonyl group at C-2, a phenyl group at C-3, a 4-methoxyphenyl group at C-3a, a methoxy group at C-8 and a 1,4-dioxan-2-yloxy group at position C-6 which in turn is substituted by a methoxy group at position 3 and a 1,2-dihydroxyethyl group at position 6. Isolated from Aglaia silvestris, it exhibits antineoplastic activity. silvestrol: isolated from the fruit and twig of Aglaia silvestris | dioxanes; ether; methyl ester; organic heterotricyclic compound | antineoplastic agent; metabolite |
| 7-methyl-GTP | guanosine 5'-phosphate |