lactase activity

Definition

Target type: molecularfunction

Catalysis of the reaction: lactose + H2O = D-glucose + D-galactose. [PMID:12023280]

Lactase activity is a type of hydrolase activity that specifically targets the hydrolysis of lactose, a disaccharide composed of glucose and galactose. This enzymatic function breaks the β-1,4-glycosidic bond linking the two monosaccharides, resulting in the release of free glucose and galactose. This hydrolysis is essential for the digestion of lactose, a major sugar found in milk and dairy products. Lactase, the enzyme responsible for this activity, is typically produced in the small intestine of mammals, particularly during infancy. The enzyme is located on the surface of intestinal epithelial cells, where it interacts with lactose molecules in the intestinal lumen. Upon binding, lactase catalyzes the hydrolysis reaction, facilitating the absorption of glucose and galactose into the bloodstream. The activity of lactase is crucial for the proper digestion and utilization of lactose. Individuals with lactase deficiency, a condition known as lactose intolerance, experience digestive discomfort due to the inability to efficiently break down lactose. This can lead to symptoms such as bloating, gas, and diarrhea.'
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Proteins (1)

Compounds (6)