positive regulation of integrin activation by cell surface receptor linked signal transduction

Definition

Target type: biologicalprocess

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of integrin activation by cell surface receptor linked signal transduction. This can occur by increased affinity of an integrin for its extracellular ligands. [GOC:add, PMID:12213832, PMID:14754902]

Positive regulation of integrin activation by cell surface receptor linked signal transduction is a complex process that involves multiple signaling pathways and cellular components. It is essential for various cellular processes including cell adhesion, migration, and proliferation. The process begins with the activation of a cell surface receptor by an extracellular ligand. This activation triggers a cascade of intracellular signaling events that ultimately lead to the activation of integrins, which are transmembrane receptors that bind to extracellular matrix proteins. Integrin activation involves a conformational change that exposes their binding sites, allowing them to bind to their ligands. This binding initiates a series of intracellular signaling pathways that regulate cell behavior. The specific signaling pathways involved in positive regulation of integrin activation vary depending on the cell type and the activating ligand. However, some common pathways include the following:

- **Ras/MAPK pathway:** This pathway is activated by many cell surface receptors and is known to regulate integrin activation. The activation of Ras, a small GTPase, leads to the activation of MAP kinases, which phosphorylate and activate downstream signaling molecules involved in integrin activation.

- **PI3K/Akt pathway:** This pathway is activated by growth factors and other signaling molecules and plays a role in cell survival and proliferation. The activation of PI3K leads to the production of PIP3, which activates Akt, a kinase that phosphorylates and activates other signaling molecules involved in integrin activation.

- **Rho GTPases:** These small GTPases are involved in cytoskeletal reorganization and are also known to regulate integrin activation. The activation of Rho GTPases can lead to the formation of focal adhesions, which are specialized structures that link integrins to the cytoskeleton.

- **Calcium signaling:** Calcium is a ubiquitous second messenger that is involved in a wide variety of cellular processes, including integrin activation. The influx of calcium into the cell can trigger the activation of calcium-dependent signaling molecules, such as calmodulin, which can in turn activate other signaling pathways involved in integrin activation.

- **Other signaling pathways:** Other signaling pathways that can contribute to positive regulation of integrin activation include the Src family kinases, the JAK-STAT pathway, and the Wnt pathway.

The activation of integrins by cell surface receptor linked signal transduction is a tightly regulated process that is essential for normal cell function. Disruptions in this process can lead to a variety of diseases, including cancer, cardiovascular disease, and inflammatory disorders.
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