protein-disulfide reductase (NAD(P)H) activity
Definition
Target type: molecularfunction
Catalysis of the reaction: protein-dithiol + NAD(P)+ = protein-disulfide + NAD(P)H + H+. [EC:1.8.1.8, MetaCyc:1.6.4.4-RXN]
Protein-disulfide reductase (NAD(P)H) activity is a crucial enzyme function involved in the reduction of disulfide bonds within proteins. These disulfide bonds are formed between cysteine residues and contribute to the correct folding and stability of proteins. This activity is catalyzed by enzymes known as thioredoxins, glutaredoxins, and protein disulfide isomerases. The process involves the transfer of electrons from the reduced form of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) to the enzyme's active site, which contains a redox-active disulfide bond. These electrons are then transferred to the disulfide bond within the target protein, reducing it to free sulfhydryl groups. This reduction step is essential for various cellular processes, including protein folding, antioxidant defense, and regulation of enzyme activity. Disulfide bond formation and reduction play a role in the maintenance of protein structure and function, and the disruption of this process can contribute to various diseases.'
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Proteins (2)
| Protein | Definition | Taxonomy |
|---|---|---|
| Thioredoxin | A thioredoxin that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:DNx, UniProtKB:P10599] | Homo sapiens (human) |
| Phosphoglycerate kinase 1 | A phosphoglycerate kinase 1 that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:DNx, UniProtKB:P00558] | Homo sapiens (human) |
Compounds (6)
| Compound | Definition | Classes | Roles |
|---|---|---|---|
| adenosine | quinquefolan B: isolated from roots of Panax quinquefolium L.; RN not in Chemline 10/87; RN from Toxlit | adenosines; purines D-ribonucleoside | analgesic; anti-arrhythmia drug; fundamental metabolite; human metabolite; vasodilator agent |
| 2-aminoadenosine | purine nucleoside | ||
| n(6)-benzyladenosine | N(6)-benzyladenosine: RN given refers to parent cpd | ||
| 1-methylpropyl-2-imidazolyl disulfide | 1-methylpropyl-2-imidazolyl disulfide: a thioredoxin inhibitor with antineoplastic activity | imidazoles | |
| n(6)-cyclopentyladenosine | |||
| gambogic acid | gambogic acid: RN given refers to (1R-(1alpha,1(Z),3abeta,5alpha,11beta,14aS*))-isomer | pyranoxanthones | metabolite |