glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor activity

Definition

Target type: molecularfunction

Combining with glucagon-like peptide 1 and transmitting the signal across the membrane by activating an associated G-protein. [GOC:jl, PMID:12529935]

Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor (GLP-1R) activity is a crucial aspect of glucose homeostasis and energy regulation. GLP-1R, a G protein-coupled receptor, is primarily expressed in pancreatic beta cells, where it plays a key role in stimulating insulin secretion. Upon binding of GLP-1, a gut-derived incretin hormone, to GLP-1R, a signaling cascade is initiated, leading to the activation of adenylate cyclase. This enzyme converts ATP into cyclic AMP (cAMP), which then activates protein kinase A (PKA). PKA phosphorylation of various intracellular targets, including transcription factors and ion channels, ultimately results in an increased release of insulin from pancreatic beta cells. In addition to promoting insulin secretion, GLP-1R activation also suppresses glucagon secretion from alpha cells, further contributing to the reduction of blood glucose levels. GLP-1R activity also exerts multiple extrapancreatic effects, including the regulation of appetite and gastric emptying. GLP-1R agonists, like exenatide and liraglutide, are used clinically for the treatment of type 2 diabetes, highlighting the therapeutic significance of GLP-1R activity.'
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Proteins (1)

Compounds (5)