Target type: molecularfunction
Binding to a pre-messenger RNA (pre-mRNA), an intermediate molecule between DNA and protein that may contain introns and, at least in part, encodes one or more proteins. Introns are removed from pre-mRNA to form a mRNA molecule. [GOC:bf, GOC:kmv, PMID:21901112, SO:0000120]
Pre-mRNA binding is a critical molecular function in gene expression, involving the recognition and interaction of proteins with nascent pre-mRNA transcripts. This intricate process is crucial for several key cellular processes:
1. **Splicing:** Pre-mRNA transcripts undergo splicing, where non-coding introns are removed and coding exons are joined together. Pre-mRNA binding proteins, like splicing factors, recognize specific sequences within pre-mRNA and facilitate the precise excision of introns.
2. **Polyadenylation:** After splicing, pre-mRNA transcripts are polyadenylated, a process where a poly(A) tail is added to the 3' end, which stabilizes the mRNA and aids in translation. Pre-mRNA binding proteins are involved in recognizing the polyadenylation signal and recruiting the polyadenylation machinery.
3. **Nuclear Export:** Once mature, mRNA transcripts are exported from the nucleus to the cytoplasm for translation. Pre-mRNA binding proteins can facilitate the export of mRNA by interacting with nuclear transport receptors.
4. **Translation Initiation:** In the cytoplasm, pre-mRNA binding proteins can influence translation initiation by interacting with ribosomes and other translation initiation factors.
5. **mRNA Stability:** Pre-mRNA binding proteins can influence the stability of mRNA transcripts, impacting their lifespan and availability for translation.
These interactions are highly specific, with different proteins recognizing distinct pre-mRNA sequences or structural elements. This specificity allows for precise regulation of gene expression, ensuring that only the desired transcripts are processed, transported, and translated. Pre-mRNA binding is essential for proper gene expression, and dysregulation of these interactions can lead to various cellular abnormalities and disease states.'
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| Protein | Definition | Taxonomy |
|---|---|---|
| RISC-loading complex subunit TARBP2 | A RISC-loading complex subunit TARBP2 that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:DNx, UniProtKB:Q15633] | Homo sapiens (human) |
| Serine/arginine-rich splicing factor 6 | A serine/arginine-rich splicing factor 6 that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:DNx, UniProtKB:Q13247] | Homo sapiens (human) |
| Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A1 | A heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A1 that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:DNx, UniProtKB:P09651] | Homo sapiens (human) |
| Compound | Definition | Classes | Roles |
|---|---|---|---|
| enoxacin | enoxacin : A 1,8-naphthyridine derivative that is 1,4-dihydro-1,8-naphthyridine with an ethyl group at the 1 position, a carboxy group at the 3-position, an oxo sustituent at the 4-position, a fluoro substituent at the 5-position and a piperazin-1-yl group at the 7 position. An antibacterial, it is used in the treatment of urinary-tract infections and gonorrhoea. Enoxacin: A broad-spectrum 6-fluoronaphthyridinone antibacterial agent that is structurally related to NALIDIXIC ACID. | 1,8-naphthyridine derivative; amino acid; fluoroquinolone antibiotic; monocarboxylic acid; N-arylpiperazine; quinolone antibiotic | antibacterial drug; DNA synthesis inhibitor |
| camptothecin | NSC 100880: carboxylate (opened lactone) form of camptothecin; RN refers to (S)-isomer; structure given in first source | delta-lactone; pyranoindolizinoquinoline; quinoline alkaloid; tertiary alcohol | antineoplastic agent; EC 5.99.1.2 (DNA topoisomerase) inhibitor; genotoxin; plant metabolite |
| schisanhenol b | schisanhenol B: isolated from kernels of Schisandra rubriflora; structure given in first source | ||
| quercetin | 7-hydroxyflavonol; pentahydroxyflavone | antibacterial agent; antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; Aurora kinase inhibitor; chelator; EC 1.10.99.2 [ribosyldihydronicotinamide dehydrogenase (quinone)] inhibitor; geroprotector; phytoestrogen; plant metabolite; protein kinase inhibitor; radical scavenger | |
| indacaterol | indacaterol : A monohydroxyquinoline that consists of 5-[(1R)-2-amino-1-hydroxyethyl]-8-hydroxyquinolin-2-one having a 5,6-diethylindan-2-yl group attached to the amino function. Used as the maleate salt for treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. indacaterol: a beta2 adrenoceptor agonist; indacaterol is the (R)-isomer; structure in first source | indanes; monohydroxyquinoline; quinolone; secondary alcohol; secondary amino compound | beta-adrenergic agonist; bronchodilator agent |