oxidative RNA demethylase activity

Definition

Target type: molecularfunction

Catalysis of the removal of a methyl group from one or more nucleosides within a RNA molecule involving the oxidation (i.e. electron loss) of one or more atoms. [PMID:12594517, PMID:16482161, PMID:18775698]

Oxidative RNA demethylase activity is a crucial enzymatic process involved in the dynamic regulation of RNA methylation, a fundamental epigenetic modification. This activity specifically targets methylated bases within RNA molecules, particularly N6-methyladenosine (m6A), a prevalent modification.

The enzyme responsible for oxidative RNA demethylase activity employs a complex mechanism involving the oxidation of the methyl group on m6A. This oxidation reaction typically utilizes a cofactor such as α-ketoglutarate and molecular oxygen. The oxidized methyl group is then released as formaldehyde, leaving behind a demethylated adenosine residue.

This process has profound implications for RNA fate and function. Demethylation can influence RNA stability, splicing, translation, and interactions with RNA-binding proteins. By modulating these processes, oxidative RNA demethylase activity plays a critical role in various cellular pathways, including gene expression, cellular differentiation, and immune responses. It is also implicated in various diseases, highlighting its significance in human health.'
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Proteins (1)

Compounds (15)