Target type: molecularfunction
Interacting selectively and non-covalently, in a non-covalent manner, with muramyl dipeptide; muramyl dipeptide is derived from peptidoglycan. [GOC:rl]
Muramyl dipeptide (MDP) binding is a crucial molecular function involved in the innate immune response. MDP, a core component of bacterial peptidoglycans, is recognized by the NOD2 receptor, a cytosolic pattern recognition receptor (PRR) expressed in various immune cells.
Upon MDP binding, NOD2 undergoes a conformational change, leading to its oligomerization and the recruitment of downstream signaling molecules, including receptor-interacting protein kinase 2 (RIP2) and the adaptor protein CARD9. This complex activates the nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) pathway, resulting in the transcription and production of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-8. These cytokines play essential roles in initiating an immune response against bacterial infection by attracting immune cells to the site of infection and promoting inflammation.
The MDP-NOD2 interaction is critical for the host's ability to detect bacterial invasion and mount an effective immune response. Disruptions in this pathway, either due to mutations in NOD2 or impaired MDP recognition, can lead to increased susceptibility to bacterial infections, highlighting the importance of this molecular function in maintaining immune homeostasis.'
"
Protein | Definition | Taxonomy |
---|---|---|
Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-containing protein 2 | A nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-containing protein 2 that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:DNx, UniProtKB:Q9HC29] | Homo sapiens (human) |
Compound | Definition | Classes | Roles |
---|---|---|---|
paclitaxel | Taxus: Genus of coniferous yew trees or shrubs, several species of which have medicinal uses. Notable is the Pacific yew, Taxus brevifolia, which is used to make the anti-neoplastic drug taxol (PACLITAXEL). | taxane diterpenoid; tetracyclic diterpenoid | antineoplastic agent; human metabolite; metabolite; microtubule-stabilising agent |
docetaxel anhydrous | docetaxel anhydrous : A tetracyclic diterpenoid that is paclitaxel with the N-benzyloxycarbonyl group replaced by N-tert-butoxycarbonyl, and the acetoxy group at position 10 replaced by a hydroxy group. Docetaxel: A semisynthetic analog of PACLITAXEL used in the treatment of locally advanced or metastatic BREAST NEOPLASMS and NON-SMALL CELL LUNG CANCER. | secondary alpha-hydroxy ketone; tetracyclic diterpenoid | antimalarial; antineoplastic agent; photosensitizing agent |
muramyl dipeptide | glycopeptide | immunological adjuvant | |
3-methyl-7-pentyl-8-(2-phenylethylthio)purine-2,6-dione | oxopurine | ||
3-methyl-7-(phenylmethyl)-8-(propan-2-ylthio)purine-2,6-dione | oxopurine | ||
1-(4-methylphenyl)sulfonyl-2-benzimidazolamine | sulfonamide | ||
1-(4-chlorophenyl)sulfonyl-2-benzimidazolamine | sulfonamide | ||
1-(benzenesulfonyl)-2-benzimidazolamine | sulfonamide | ||
1-(4-nitrophenyl)sulfonyl-2-benzimidazolamine | sulfonamide | ||
pd 166285 | |||
1-(4-methoxyphenyl)sulfonyl-2-benzimidazolamine | sulfonamide | ||
5,6-dimethyl-1-(4-methylphenyl)sulfonyl-2-benzimidazolamine | sulfonamide |