Target type: molecularfunction
Binding to a type 8 metabotropic glutamate receptor. [GOC:mah, GOC:nln]
Metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs) are a family of G protein-coupled receptors that are activated by the neurotransmitter glutamate. Type 8 mGluRs (mGluR8) are members of group III mGluRs, which are characterized by their coupling to G proteins that inhibit adenylyl cyclase. mGluR8 is expressed in the central nervous system, particularly in the cerebellum, hippocampus, and cortex.
mGluR8 binding is initiated by the binding of glutamate to the receptor's extracellular domain. This binding event triggers a conformational change in the receptor that activates its intracellular domain. The activated intracellular domain then interacts with a G protein, leading to the dissociation of the G protein's alpha subunit from the beta and gamma subunits. The alpha subunit then activates downstream signaling pathways, such as the inhibition of adenylyl cyclase and the activation of ion channels.
The molecular function of mGluR8 binding is complex and involves several steps:
1. **Glutamate binding:** Glutamate binds to the extracellular domain of mGluR8, initiating a conformational change in the receptor.
2. **G protein coupling:** The activated mGluR8 interacts with a G protein, leading to the dissociation of the G protein's alpha subunit.
3. **Downstream signaling:** The activated alpha subunit of the G protein activates downstream signaling pathways, such as the inhibition of adenylyl cyclase and the activation of ion channels.
These signaling pathways ultimately lead to the regulation of neuronal activity and synaptic plasticity.
mGluR8 is implicated in a variety of neurological processes, including learning and memory, anxiety, and pain perception. The activation of mGluR8 has been shown to have both excitatory and inhibitory effects on neuronal activity, depending on the specific cellular context.
In summary, mGluR8 binding is a complex process that involves the binding of glutamate to the receptor, the activation of a G protein, and the subsequent activation of downstream signaling pathways. These pathways ultimately lead to the regulation of neuronal activity and synaptic plasticity. mGluR8 is implicated in a variety of neurological processes, making it a potential target for the development of new drugs for the treatment of neurological disorders.'
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| Protein | Definition | Taxonomy |
|---|---|---|
| Major prion protein | A PRNP gene translation product (human) that is encoded by the major prion protein open reading frame, as opposed to the alternate reading frame. [PRO:DAN] | Homo sapiens (human) |
| Compound | Definition | Classes | Roles |
|---|---|---|---|
| quinacrine | quinacrine : A member of the class of acridines that is acridine substituted by a chloro group at position 6, a methoxy group at position 2 and a [5-(diethylamino)pentan-2-yl]nitrilo group at position 9. Quinacrine: An acridine derivative formerly widely used as an antimalarial but superseded by chloroquine in recent years. It has also been used as an anthelmintic and in the treatment of giardiasis and malignant effusions. It is used in cell biological experiments as an inhibitor of phospholipase A2. | acridines; aromatic ether; organochlorine compound; tertiary amino compound | antimalarial; EC 1.8.1.12 (trypanothione-disulfide reductase) inhibitor |
| carbamazepine | carbamazepine : A dibenzoazepine that is 5H-dibenzo[b,f]azepine carrying a carbamoyl substituent at the azepine nitrogen, used as an anticonvulsant. Carbamazepine: A dibenzazepine that acts as a sodium channel blocker. It is used as an anticonvulsant for the treatment of grand mal and psychomotor or focal SEIZURES. It may also be used in the management of BIPOLAR DISORDER, and has analgesic properties. | dibenzoazepine; ureas | analgesic; anticonvulsant; antimanic drug; drug allergen; EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; glutamate transporter activator; mitogen; non-narcotic analgesic; sodium channel blocker; xenobiotic |
| chloroquine | chloroquine : An aminoquinoline that is quinoline which is substituted at position 4 by a [5-(diethylamino)pentan-2-yl]amino group at at position 7 by chlorine. It is used for the treatment of malaria, hepatic amoebiasis, lupus erythematosus, light-sensitive skin eruptions, and rheumatoid arthritis. Chloroquine: The prototypical antimalarial agent with a mechanism that is not well understood. It has also been used to treat rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, and in the systemic therapy of amebic liver abscesses. | aminoquinoline; organochlorine compound; secondary amino compound; tertiary amino compound | anticoronaviral agent; antimalarial; antirheumatic drug; autophagy inhibitor; dermatologic drug |
| chlorpromazine | chlorpromazine : A substituted phenothiazine in which the ring nitrogen at position 10 is attached to C-3 of an N,N-dimethylpropanamine moiety. Chlorpromazine: The prototypical phenothiazine antipsychotic drug. Like the other drugs in this class chlorpromazine's antipsychotic actions are thought to be due to long-term adaptation by the brain to blocking DOPAMINE RECEPTORS. Chlorpromazine has several other actions and therapeutic uses, including as an antiemetic and in the treatment of intractable hiccup. | organochlorine compound; phenothiazines; tertiary amine | anticoronaviral agent; antiemetic; dopaminergic antagonist; EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor; phenothiazine antipsychotic drug |
| haloperidol | haloperidol : A compound composed of a central piperidine structure with hydroxy and p-chlorophenyl substituents at position 4 and an N-linked p-fluorobutyrophenone moiety. Haloperidol: A phenyl-piperidinyl-butyrophenone that is used primarily to treat SCHIZOPHRENIA and other PSYCHOSES. It is also used in schizoaffective disorder, DELUSIONAL DISORDERS, ballism, and TOURETTE SYNDROME (a drug of choice) and occasionally as adjunctive therapy in INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY and the chorea of HUNTINGTON DISEASE. It is a potent antiemetic and is used in the treatment of intractable HICCUPS. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p279) | aromatic ketone; hydroxypiperidine; monochlorobenzenes; organofluorine compound; tertiary alcohol | antidyskinesia agent; antiemetic; dopaminergic antagonist; first generation antipsychotic; serotonergic antagonist |
| imipramine | imipramine : A dibenzoazepine that is 5H-dibenzo[b,f]azepine substituted by a 3-(dimethylamino)propyl group at the nitrogen atom. Imipramine: The prototypical tricyclic antidepressant. It has been used in major depression, dysthymia, bipolar depression, attention-deficit disorders, agoraphobia, and panic disorders. It has less sedative effect than some other members of this therapeutic group. | dibenzoazepine | adrenergic uptake inhibitor; antidepressant; EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor |
| phenazine | azaarene; heteranthrene; mancude organic heterotricyclic parent; phenazines; polycyclic heteroarene | ||
| promazine | promazine : A phenothiazine deriative in which the phenothiazine tricycle has a 3-(dimethylaminopropyl) group at the N-10 position. Promazine: A phenothiazine with actions similar to CHLORPROMAZINE but with less antipsychotic activity. It is primarily used in short-term treatment of disturbed behavior and as an antiemetic. | phenothiazines; tertiary amine | antiemetic; dopaminergic antagonist; EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor; H1-receptor antagonist; muscarinic antagonist; phenothiazine antipsychotic drug; serotonergic antagonist |
| promethazine | promethazine : A tertiary amine that is a substituted phenothiazine in which the ring nitrogen at position 10 is attached to C-3 of an N,N-dimethylpropan-2-amine moiety. Promethazine: A phenothiazine derivative with histamine H1-blocking, antimuscarinic, and sedative properties. It is used as an antiallergic, in pruritus, for motion sickness and sedation, and also in animals. | phenothiazines; tertiary amine | anti-allergic agent; anticoronaviral agent; antiemetic; antipruritic drug; H1-receptor antagonist; local anaesthetic; sedative |
| acepromazine | acepromazine : A member of the class of phenothiazines that is 10H-phenothiazine substituted by an acetyl group at position 2 and a 3-(dimethylamino)propyl group at position 10. Acepromazine: A phenothiazine that is used in the treatment of PSYCHOSES. | aromatic ketone; methyl ketone; phenothiazines; tertiary amino compound | phenothiazine antipsychotic drug |