benzaldehyde dehydrogenase [NAD(P)+] activity

Definition

Target type: molecularfunction

Catalysis of the reaction: benzaldehyde + NAD(P)+ + H2O = benzoate + NAD(P)H + H+. [EC:1.2.1.28, EC:1.2.1.7]

Benzaldehyde dehydrogenase [NAD(P)+] activity is a critical enzymatic process that catalyzes the oxidation of benzaldehyde to benzoic acid, utilizing either NAD+ or NADP+ as an electron acceptor. This reaction is essential for the metabolism of aromatic compounds, particularly those involved in the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites and detoxification pathways.

The enzyme's active site typically contains a catalytic residue, often a cysteine or a lysine, that facilitates the transfer of hydride ions from the benzaldehyde molecule to the NAD(P)+ cofactor. This process results in the formation of a reduced NAD(P)H molecule and the oxidized benzoic acid product.

Benzaldehyde dehydrogenase [NAD(P)+] activity plays a vital role in various biological processes, including:

- **Aromatic compound metabolism:** Degrading and detoxifying aromatic compounds, such as those derived from plant or microbial sources.
- **Secondary metabolite biosynthesis:** Producing various secondary metabolites, including flavonoids, alkaloids, and phenylpropanoids, which have diverse biological functions.
- **Plant defense mechanisms:** Degrading toxic compounds produced by pathogens or herbivores.
- **Xenobiotic metabolism:** Detoxifying foreign chemicals and pollutants that enter the body.

The enzyme's activity is often regulated by factors like substrate availability, cofactor concentration, and cellular redox state. Understanding the molecular function of benzaldehyde dehydrogenase [NAD(P)+] activity is crucial for elucidating the intricate metabolic pathways that govern the fate of aromatic compounds in living organisms.'
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Proteins (1)

Compounds (4)