oxaloacetate decarboxylase activity
Definition
Target type: molecularfunction
Catalysis of the reaction: oxaloacetate = pyruvate + CO2. [EC:1.1.1.38, EC:1.1.1.40, EC:4.1.1.112]
Oxaloacetate decarboxylase activity is a critical enzymatic function that catalyzes the irreversible decarboxylation of oxaloacetate to pyruvate and carbon dioxide. This reaction plays a pivotal role in various metabolic pathways, particularly in the conversion of malate to pyruvate in the glyoxylate cycle, a central pathway for carbon metabolism in bacteria, fungi, and plants. Oxaloacetate decarboxylase activity is essential for the utilization of acetate as a carbon source and for the production of pyruvate, a key precursor for various biosynthetic pathways. The reaction mechanism typically involves the removal of a proton from the alpha-carbon of oxaloacetate, followed by the loss of carbon dioxide, resulting in the formation of pyruvate. This reaction is often coupled with the reduction of NAD+ to NADH, generating reducing equivalents that can be used for other metabolic processes. Oxaloacetate decarboxylase activity is regulated by various factors, including the availability of substrates, the pH environment, and the presence of cofactors like thiamine pyrophosphate. The activity of this enzyme can also be influenced by the expression levels of its encoding genes, which are regulated by various signaling pathways. Notably, disruptions in oxaloacetate decarboxylase activity can lead to metabolic imbalances and impaired growth, highlighting the importance of this enzyme in cellular function.'
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Proteins (2)
| Protein | Definition | Taxonomy |
|---|---|---|
| KHG/KDPG aldolase | A KHG/KDPG aldolase that is encoded in the genome of Escherichia coli K-12. [PRO:DNx, UniProtKB:P0A955] | Escherichia coli K-12 |
| NADP-dependent malic enzyme, mitochondrial | An NADP-dependent malic enzyme, mitochondrial that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:DNx, UniProtKB:Q16798] | Homo sapiens (human) |
Compounds (3)
| Compound | Definition | Classes | Roles |
|---|---|---|---|
| succinic acid | succinic acid : An alpha,omega-dicarboxylic acid resulting from the formal oxidation of each of the terminal methyl groups of butane to the corresponding carboxy group. It is an intermediate metabolite in the citric acid cycle. Succinic Acid: A water-soluble, colorless crystal with an acid taste that is used as a chemical intermediate, in medicine, the manufacture of lacquers, and to make perfume esters. It is also used in foods as a sequestrant, buffer, and a neutralizing agent. (Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary, 12th ed, p1099; McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed, p1851) | alpha,omega-dicarboxylic acid; C4-dicarboxylic acid | anti-ulcer drug; fundamental metabolite; micronutrient; nutraceutical; radiation protective agent |
| fumaric acid | fumaric acid : A butenedioic acid in which the C=C double bond has E geometry. It is an intermediate metabolite in the citric acid cycle. fumaric acid: see also record for ferrous fumarate; use FUMARATES for general fumaric acid esters | butenedioic acid | food acidity regulator; fundamental metabolite; geroprotector |
| 2-keto-3-deoxy-6-phosphogluconate | 2-dehydro-3-deoxy-6-phospho-D-gluconic acid : The 5-phospho derivative of 2-dehydro-D-gluconic acid. 2-keto-3-deoxy-6-phosphogluconate: structure given in first source; an intermediate in glucose metabolism | ketoaldonic acid phosphate | Escherichia coli metabolite |