Target type: molecularfunction
Catalysis of the reaction: a phospholipid + H2O = 1,2-diacylglycerol + a phosphatidate. [GOC:mah]
Phospholipase C (PLC) activity is a critical enzyme activity involved in signal transduction pathways. PLCs hydrolyze phosphoinositides, specifically phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2), into two second messengers: diacylglycerol (DAG) and inositol trisphosphate (IP3). This hydrolysis event triggers downstream signaling cascades. DAG activates protein kinase C (PKC), a crucial enzyme involved in various cellular processes including cell growth, differentiation, and survival. IP3, on the other hand, binds to IP3 receptors on the endoplasmic reticulum, leading to calcium release into the cytoplasm. This calcium surge plays a pivotal role in diverse cellular functions such as muscle contraction, neurotransmitter release, and gene expression. In essence, PLC activity acts as a molecular switch, converting a membrane-bound signal (PIP2) into intracellular second messengers that regulate a wide range of cellular activities.'
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| Protein | Definition | Taxonomy |
|---|---|---|
| 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-1 | A 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-1 that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:DNx, UniProtKB:Q9NQ66] | Homo sapiens (human) |
| Palmitoleoyl-protein carboxylesterase NOTUM | A protein notum that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:DNx, UniProtKB:Q6P988] | Homo sapiens (human) |
| 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase gamma-1 | A 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase gamma-1 that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:DNx, UniProtKB:P19174] | Homo sapiens (human) |
| 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-1 | A 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-1 that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:DNx, UniProtKB:Q9NQ66] | Homo sapiens (human) |
| Palmitoleoyl-protein carboxylesterase NOTUM | A protein notum that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:DNx, UniProtKB:Q6P988] | Homo sapiens (human) |
| 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase gamma-1 | A 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase gamma-1 that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:DNx, UniProtKB:P19174] | Homo sapiens (human) |
| Compound | Definition | Classes | Roles |
|---|---|---|---|
| melatonin | acetamides; tryptamines | anticonvulsant; central nervous system depressant; geroprotector; hormone; human metabolite; immunological adjuvant; mouse metabolite; radical scavenger | |
| n-acetylserotonin | N-acetylserotonin : An N-acylserotonin resulting from the formal condensation of the primary amino group of serotonin with the carboxy group of acetic acid. | acetamides; N-acylserotonin; phenols | antioxidant; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; tropomyosin-related kinase B receptor agonist |
| theophylline | dimethylxanthine | adenosine receptor antagonist; anti-asthmatic drug; anti-inflammatory agent; bronchodilator agent; drug metabolite; EC 3.1.4.* (phosphoric diester hydrolase) inhibitor; fungal metabolite; human blood serum metabolite; immunomodulator; muscle relaxant; vasodilator agent | |
| caffeine | purine alkaloid; trimethylxanthine | adenosine A2A receptor antagonist; adenosine receptor antagonist; adjuvant; central nervous system stimulant; diuretic; EC 2.7.11.1 (non-specific serine/threonine protein kinase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.4.* (phosphoric diester hydrolase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; food additive; fungal metabolite; geroprotector; human blood serum metabolite; mouse metabolite; mutagen; plant metabolite; psychotropic drug; ryanodine receptor agonist; xenobiotic | |
| pyrrole-3-carboxylic acid | pyrrolecarboxylic acid | metabolite; Penicillium metabolite | |
| 1,2-hexanoylphosphatidylcholine | 1,2-hexanoylphosphatidylcholine: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation | ||
| amentoflavone | biflavonoid; hydroxyflavone; ring assembly | angiogenesis inhibitor; antiviral agent; cathepsin B inhibitor; P450 inhibitor; plant metabolite |