guanylate cyclase activity
Definition
Target type: molecularfunction
Catalysis of the reaction: GTP = 3',5'-cyclic GMP + diphosphate. [EC:4.6.1.2]
Guanylate cyclase activity is a crucial enzymatic function involved in the synthesis of cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP), a ubiquitous second messenger molecule that plays a vital role in diverse cellular signaling pathways. This enzymatic process involves the conversion of guanosine triphosphate (GTP) into cGMP, a reaction catalyzed by guanylate cyclases. These enzymes are typically transmembrane proteins with a cytoplasmic catalytic domain and an extracellular ligand-binding domain. When a specific ligand, such as nitric oxide (NO), binds to the extracellular domain, it triggers a conformational change that activates the catalytic domain. The activated enzyme then catalyzes the conversion of GTP to cGMP, leading to the downstream activation of cGMP-dependent protein kinases (PKG) and other downstream signaling pathways. cGMP, in turn, modulates various cellular functions, including smooth muscle relaxation, neurotransmission, phototransduction, and cell proliferation. Guanylate cyclase activity is thus essential for regulating a wide range of physiological processes, including blood pressure control, vision, and neuronal signaling.'
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Proteins (5)
| Protein | Definition | Taxonomy |
|---|---|---|
| Guanylate cyclase soluble subunit beta-2 | A guanylate cyclase soluble subunit beta-2 that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:DNx, UniProtKB:O75343] | Homo sapiens (human) |
| Guanylate cyclase soluble subunit alpha-2 | A guanylate cyclase soluble subunit alpha-2 that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:DNx, UniProtKB:P33402] | Homo sapiens (human) |
| Guanylate cyclase soluble subunit beta-1 | A guanylate cyclase soluble subunit beta-1 that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:DNx, UniProtKB:Q02153] | Homo sapiens (human) |
| Guanylate cyclase soluble subunit alpha-1 | A guanylate cyclase soluble subunit alpha-1 that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:DNx, UniProtKB:Q02108] | Homo sapiens (human) |
| Atrial natriuretic peptide receptor 1 | An atrial natriuretic peptide receptor 1 that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:DNx, UniProtKB:P16066] | Homo sapiens (human) |
Compounds (8)
| Compound | Definition | Classes | Roles |
|---|---|---|---|
| gemfibrozil | aromatic ether | antilipemic drug | |
| 6-anilino-5,8-quinolinedione | 6-anilino-5,8-quinolinedione : A quinolone that is quinoline-5,8-dione in which the hydrogen at position 6 is replaced by an anilino group. 6-anilino-5,8-quinolinedione: structure given in first source; SRS-A & guanylate cyclase antagonist | aminoquinoline; aromatic amine; p-quinones; quinolone | antineoplastic agent; EC 4.6.1.2 (guanylate cyclase) inhibitor |
| ns 2028 | NS 2028: structure in first source | ||
| 3-(5'-hydroxymethyl-2'-furyl)-1-benzylindazole | 3-(5'-hydroxymethyl-2'-furyl)-1-benzylindazole: antineoplastic; activates platelet guanylate cyclase; a radiosensitizing agent and guanylate cyclase activator; structure in first source lificiguat : A member of the class of indazoles that is 1H-indazole which is substituted by a benzyl group at position 1 and a 5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-furyl group at position 3. It is an activator of soluble guanylate cyclase and inhibits platelet aggregation. | aromatic primary alcohol; furans; indazoles | antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; platelet aggregation inhibitor; soluble guanylate cyclase activator; vasodilator agent |
| benzydamine | benzydamine : A member of the class of indazoles carrying benzyl and 3-(dimethylamino)propyl groups at positions 1 and 3 respectively. A locally-acting nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug that also exhibits local anaesthetic and analgesic properties. Benzydamine: A benzyl-indazole having analgesic, antipyretic, and anti-inflammatory effects. It is used to reduce post-surgical and post-traumatic pain and edema and to promote healing. It is also used topically in treatment of RHEUMATIC DISEASES and INFLAMMATION of the mouth and throat. | aromatic ether; indazoles; tertiary amino compound | analgesic; central nervous system stimulant; hallucinogen; local anaesthetic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug |
| bay 41-8543 | BAY 41-8543: structure in first source | pyrazolopyridine | |
| atrial natriuretic factor | Atrial Natriuretic Factor: A potent natriuretic and vasodilatory peptide or mixture of different-sized low molecular weight PEPTIDES derived from a common precursor and secreted mainly by the HEART ATRIUM. All these peptides share a sequence of about 20 AMINO ACIDS. | polypeptide | |
| natriuretic peptide, brain | Natriuretic Peptide, Brain: A PEPTIDE that is secreted by the BRAIN and the HEART ATRIA, stored mainly in cardiac ventricular MYOCARDIUM. It can cause NATRIURESIS; DIURESIS; VASODILATION; and inhibits secretion of RENIN and ALDOSTERONE. It improves heart function. It contains 32 AMINO ACIDS. | polypeptide |