aryl sulfotransferase activity

Definition

Target type: molecularfunction

Catalysis of the reaction: 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphosulfate + a phenol = adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate + an aryl sulfate. [EC:2.8.2.1]

Aryl sulfotransferase activity involves the transfer of a sulfonate group (SO3-) from a donor molecule, typically 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphosulfate (PAPS), to an acceptor molecule that contains an aromatic ring. This transfer reaction is catalyzed by a family of enzymes known as sulfotransferases. The sulfonation of aromatic substrates can have a variety of physiological effects, including:

* **Altering the chemical properties of the substrate:** Sulfonation can increase the water solubility of the substrate, making it easier to excrete. It can also alter the substrate's ability to bind to other molecules, such as proteins or DNA.

* **Modulating the activity of signaling molecules:** Sulfonation can activate or inhibit the activity of certain signaling molecules, such as hormones or neurotransmitters.

* **Detoxification of xenobiotics:** Sulfonation can help to detoxify foreign compounds, such as drugs and environmental toxins, by converting them into more readily excretable forms.

* **Regulation of gene expression:** Sulfonation can play a role in the regulation of gene expression by affecting the binding of transcription factors to DNA.

The specific molecular function of aryl sulfotransferase activity depends on the identity of the substrate and the enzyme involved. For example, some aryl sulfotransferases are involved in the metabolism of steroids, while others are involved in the detoxification of drugs. The diversity of substrates and the wide range of physiological processes that are regulated by sulfonation highlight the importance of this enzymatic activity.'
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Proteins (2)

Compounds (10)