Target type: cellularcomponent
The side of a membrane that faces the cytoplasm. [GOC:dos]
The cytoplasmic side of the membrane, also known as the cytosolic face or the inner leaflet, is a complex and dynamic region that plays a crucial role in cellular function. It is the side of the membrane that faces the cytoplasm, the fluid inside the cell. The cytoplasmic side is composed of various components, including:
1. **Phospholipid bilayer:** The foundation of the membrane is a phospholipid bilayer, with the hydrophilic heads of the phospholipids facing the cytoplasm and the hydrophobic tails facing the interior of the membrane.
2. **Integral membrane proteins:** These proteins span the entire membrane, with portions exposed to both the cytoplasmic side and the extracellular space. Integral membrane proteins have diverse functions, including transport of molecules, signal transduction, and cell-cell interactions.
3. **Peripheral membrane proteins:** These proteins are loosely associated with the membrane, either attaching to the cytoplasmic side of integral membrane proteins or interacting with the phospholipid head groups. Peripheral membrane proteins are often involved in signaling pathways and cytoskeletal organization.
4. **Cytoskeleton:** The cytoskeleton, a network of protein filaments, interacts with the cytoplasmic side of the membrane, providing structural support and anchoring points for various membrane-associated proteins.
5. **Signal transduction components:** Many signal transduction pathways involve proteins that associate with the cytoplasmic side of the membrane, mediating communication between the cell and its environment.
6. **Enzymes:** The cytoplasmic side of the membrane can contain enzymes that catalyze various biochemical reactions, including phosphorylation, dephosphorylation, and signal transduction.
7. **Other molecules:** Various other molecules can be found on the cytoplasmic side of the membrane, including lipids, carbohydrates, and small molecules involved in cellular processes.
The cytoplasmic side of the membrane is a dynamic and highly regulated environment, constantly adapting to changes in cellular needs. It is essential for maintaining cell structure, facilitating transport, and coordinating cellular responses to external stimuli.'
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| Protein | Definition | Taxonomy |
|---|---|---|
| Peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase FKBP1A | [no definition available] | Bos taurus (cattle) |
| Peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase FKBP1A | A peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase FKBP1A that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:DNx, UniProtKB:P62942] | Homo sapiens (human) |
| Compound | Definition | Classes | Roles |
|---|---|---|---|
| thiabendazole | Tresaderm: dermatologic soln containing dexamethasone, thiabendazole & neomycin sulfate | 1,3-thiazoles; benzimidazole fungicide; benzimidazoles | antifungal agrochemical; antinematodal drug |
| cycloheximide | cycloheximide : A dicarboximide that is 4-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperidine-2,6-dione in which one of the hydrogens attached to the carbon bearing the hydroxy group is replaced by a 3,5-dimethyl-2-oxocyclohexyl group. It is an antibiotic produced by the bacterium Streptomyces griseus. Cycloheximide: Antibiotic substance isolated from streptomycin-producing strains of Streptomyces griseus. It acts by inhibiting elongation during protein synthesis. | antibiotic fungicide; cyclic ketone; dicarboximide; piperidine antibiotic; piperidones; secondary alcohol | anticoronaviral agent; bacterial metabolite; ferroptosis inhibitor; neuroprotective agent; protein synthesis inhibitor |
| 3-(3-pyridyl)-1-propyl-(2s)-1-(3,3-dimethyl-1,2-dioxopentyl)-2-pyrrolidinecarboxylate | |||
| tacrolimus | tacrolimus (anhydrous) : A macrolide lactam containing a 23-membered lactone ring, originally isolated from the fermentation broth of a Japanese soil sample that contained the bacteria Streptomyces tsukubaensis. Tacrolimus: A macrolide isolated from the culture broth of a strain of Streptomyces tsukubaensis that has strong immunosuppressive activity in vivo and prevents the activation of T-lymphocytes in response to antigenic or mitogenic stimulation in vitro. | macrolide lactam | bacterial metabolite; immunosuppressive agent |
| N-(2-fluorophenyl)-2-[2-(4-thiazolyl)-1-benzimidazolyl]acetamide | benzimidazoles | ||
| biricodar | biricodar: a non-macrocyclic ligand for FKBP12; structure in first source | alpha-amino acid ester | |
| l 683590 | immunomycin: from Streptomyces hygroscopicus; structure given in first source | ether; lactol; macrolide; secondary alcohol | antifungal agent; bacterial metabolite; immunosuppressive agent |
| cyclosporine | ramihyphin A: one of the metabolites produced by Fusarium sp. S-435; RN given refers to cpd with unknown MF | homodetic cyclic peptide | anti-asthmatic drug; anticoronaviral agent; antifungal agent; antirheumatic drug; carcinogenic agent; dermatologic drug; EC 3.1.3.16 (phosphoprotein phosphatase) inhibitor; geroprotector; immunosuppressive agent; metabolite |
| sirolimus | sirolimus : A macrolide lactam isolated from Streptomyces hygroscopicus consisting of a 29-membered ring containing 4 trans double bonds, three of which are conjugated. It is an antibiotic, immunosupressive and antineoplastic agent. Sirolimus: A macrolide compound obtained from Streptomyces hygroscopicus that acts by selectively blocking the transcriptional activation of cytokines thereby inhibiting cytokine production. It is bioactive only when bound to IMMUNOPHILINS. Sirolimus is a potent immunosuppressant and possesses both antifungal and antineoplastic properties. | antibiotic antifungal drug; cyclic acetal; cyclic ketone; ether; macrolide lactam; organic heterotricyclic compound; secondary alcohol | antibacterial drug; anticoronaviral agent; antineoplastic agent; bacterial metabolite; geroprotector; immunosuppressive agent; mTOR inhibitor |
| bastadin 5 | |||
| timcodar | timcodar: a mutlidrug resistance inhibitor; structure in first source |