interphase microtubule organizing center

Definition

Target type: cellularcomponent

A microtubule organizing center found in interphase cells, which organize a longitudinal array of three to five MT bundles from the nuclear envelope during interphase. Each MT bundle is composed of two to seven MTs arranged in an antiparallel configuration, with the dynamic MT plus ends extending toward the cell tips and stable minus ends near the nucleus. [PMID:15068790]

The interphase microtubule organizing center (MTOC), also known as the centrosome, is a complex cellular structure responsible for organizing microtubules, which are essential for various cellular processes such as cell division, intracellular transport, and maintaining cell shape. The centrosome is typically located near the nucleus in animal cells and consists of two barrel-shaped centrioles surrounded by a cloud of pericentriolar material (PCM). The PCM is a proteinaceous matrix that nucleates and anchors microtubules, providing a platform for their assembly and regulation.

During interphase, the centrosome serves as the primary MTOC, emanating microtubules that extend throughout the cytoplasm. These microtubules form a dynamic network, constantly undergoing assembly and disassembly, which is crucial for maintaining cell structure and function.

The PCM is composed of a diverse array of proteins, including γ-tubulin ring complexes (γ-TuRCs), which act as nucleation sites for microtubule assembly. Other key components include the microtubule-associated proteins (MAPs) that regulate microtubule stability, dynamics, and interactions with other cellular components.

The centrosome also plays a role in signaling pathways, influencing cell cycle progression and cellular responses to stress.

Overall, the interphase centrosome is a dynamic and essential cellular structure that orchestrates microtubule organization and function, contributing to a wide range of cellular processes.'
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Proteins (1)

Compounds (8)