catenin complex
Definition
Target type: cellularcomponent
Complex of peripheral cytoplasmic proteins (alpha-, beta- and gamma-catenin) that interact with the cytoplasmic region of uvomorulin/E-cadherin to connect it to the actin cytoskeleton. [ISBN:0198599323]
The catenin complex is a multiprotein complex that plays a crucial role in cell-cell adhesion and signal transduction. It is located at the adherens junctions, which are specialized cell-cell junctions that provide structural integrity and communication between cells. The core components of the catenin complex include:
- **Cadherins:** These transmembrane proteins are responsible for mediating cell-cell adhesion by binding to cadherins on adjacent cells.
- **Catenins:** These proteins link cadherins to the actin cytoskeleton, providing a physical connection between the cell membrane and the internal cellular framework. There are three main types of catenins:
- **α-catenin:** This protein acts as a linker between β-catenin and the actin cytoskeleton. It is also involved in regulating the activity of the Wnt signaling pathway.
- **β-catenin:** This protein binds to the cytoplasmic tail of cadherins and interacts with α-catenin. It plays a crucial role in cell-cell adhesion and also functions as a transcriptional co-activator in the Wnt signaling pathway.
- **γ-catenin (plakoglobin):** This protein has similar functions to β-catenin, but it is less abundant and has a more restricted tissue distribution.
- **Other associated proteins:** In addition to the core components, the catenin complex can also include other associated proteins, such as p120 catenin and vinculin. These proteins can modulate the function and stability of the complex.
The catenin complex is a dynamic structure that can undergo changes in its composition and localization in response to different cellular cues. For example, during cell migration, the catenin complex can be disassembled and reassembled at different locations, allowing for the reorganization of cell-cell contacts. The catenin complex is also involved in various cellular processes, including cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis.
The cellular component of the catenin complex is the adherens junction. This junction is located at the cell membrane and is characterized by the presence of cadherin-catenin complexes. The complex forms a bridge between the cytoskeletons of adjacent cells, providing mechanical strength and allowing for communication between cells. The adherens junction is a dynamic structure that can be remodeled in response to various stimuli, enabling cells to change their shape and movement.'
"
Proteins (3)
| Protein | Definition | Taxonomy |
|---|---|---|
| Catenin beta-1 | A catenin beta-1 that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:WCB, UniProtKB:P35222] | Homo sapiens (human) |
| Adenomatous polyposis coli protein | An adenomatous polyposis coli protein that is encoded in the genome of human. [PMID:11283619, PMID:20823832, PRO:KER] | Homo sapiens (human) |
| Cadherin-1 | A cadherin-1 that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:WCB, UniProtKB:P12830] | Homo sapiens (human) |
Compounds (6)
| Compound | Definition | Classes | Roles |
|---|---|---|---|
| salvin | salvin: a biocyclic diterpenoid; from sage and rosemary (Lamiaceae) | abietane diterpenoid; carbotricyclic compound; catechols; monocarboxylic acid | angiogenesis modulating agent; anti-inflammatory agent; antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; apoptosis inducer; food preservative; HIV protease inhibitor; plant metabolite |
| toxoflavin | toxoflavin : A pyrimidotriazine that is 1,6-dimethyl-1,5,6,7-tetrahydropyrimido[5,4-e][1,2,4]triazine with oxo groups at positions 5 and 7. toxoflavin: azapteridine antibiotic; structure | carbonyl compound; pyrimidotriazine | antibacterial agent; antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; bacterial metabolite; toxin; virulence factor; Wnt signalling inhibitor |
| cercosporin | cercosporin : An organic heterohexacyclic compound that is perylo[1,12-def][1,3]dioxepine-6,11-dione substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 5 and 12, by methoxy groups at positions 7 and 10, and by 2-hydroxypropyl groups at positions 8 and 9 (the R,R-stereoisomer). It is a phytotoxin which was first isolated from the pathogenic soybean fungus, Cercospora kikuchii and later found in multiple members of the genus Cercospora. cercosporin: phyytotoxin from Cercospora beticola Sacc; posses photodynamic action on mice, bacteria & plants | ||
| LSM-42773 | aromatic ketone | ||
| etodolac, (-)-isomer | (R)-etodolac : The R-enantiomer of etodolac. It is inactive, in contrast to the enantiomer, (S)-etodolac, which is a preferential inhibitor of cyclo-oxygenase 2 and a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory. The racemate is commonly used for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis, and for the alleviation of postoperative pain. | etodolac | |
| ucn 1028 c | calphostin C: structure given in first source; isolated from Cladosporium cladosporioides |