negative regulation of cell motility
Definition
Target type: biologicalprocess
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cell motility. [GOC:mah]
Negative regulation of cell motility is a fundamental biological process that controls the movement of cells. It ensures that cells move in a coordinated and controlled manner, preventing uncontrolled migration that can lead to various pathologies. This process involves a complex interplay of signaling pathways, cytoskeletal dynamics, and adhesive interactions. Key mechanisms include:
1. **Inhibition of signaling pathways:** Signaling pathways, such as the Rho GTPase signaling pathway, are crucial for cell motility. Negative regulation involves the downregulation of these pathways, either by inhibiting upstream activators or by promoting the activity of downstream inhibitors.
2. **Regulation of cytoskeletal dynamics:** The cytoskeleton provides the structural framework for cell movement. Negative regulation can involve the disassembly of actin filaments, which are essential for cell protrusion and migration. Additionally, the stabilization of microtubules, which can act as tracks for organelle transport and cell polarization, can be inhibited.
3. **Modulation of cell-cell and cell-matrix adhesions:** Cell-cell and cell-matrix adhesions are crucial for cell movement and positioning. Negative regulation can involve the detachment of cells from their surroundings, preventing further migration. This can be achieved through the downregulation of adhesion molecules or by promoting the activity of adhesion-degrading enzymes.
4. **Induction of cell cycle arrest:** In some cases, negative regulation of cell motility can be coupled with cell cycle arrest, preventing cell proliferation and further migration.
Overall, negative regulation of cell motility is a complex and tightly controlled process involving multiple signaling pathways, cytoskeletal dynamics, and adhesive interactions. This process plays a crucial role in maintaining tissue integrity, controlling cell migration during development and wound healing, and preventing the spread of cancer cells.'
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Proteins (1)
| Protein | Definition | Taxonomy |
|---|---|---|
| Peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase NIMA-interacting 1 | A peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase NIMA-interacting 1 that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:DNx, UniProtKB:Q13526] | Homo sapiens (human) |
Compounds (8)
| Compound | Definition | Classes | Roles |
|---|---|---|---|
| juglone | juglone : A hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone that is 1,4-naphthoquinone in which the hydrogen at position 5 has been replaced by a hydroxy group. A plant-derived 1,4-naphthoquinone with confirmed antibacterial and antitumor activities. juglone: structure | hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone | geroprotector; herbicide; reactive oxygen species generator |
| cycloheximide | cycloheximide : A dicarboximide that is 4-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperidine-2,6-dione in which one of the hydrogens attached to the carbon bearing the hydroxy group is replaced by a 3,5-dimethyl-2-oxocyclohexyl group. It is an antibiotic produced by the bacterium Streptomyces griseus. Cycloheximide: Antibiotic substance isolated from streptomycin-producing strains of Streptomyces griseus. It acts by inhibiting elongation during protein synthesis. | antibiotic fungicide; cyclic ketone; dicarboximide; piperidine antibiotic; piperidones; secondary alcohol | anticoronaviral agent; bacterial metabolite; ferroptosis inhibitor; neuroprotective agent; protein synthesis inhibitor |
| 1,4-naphthoquinone | 1,4-naphthoquinone : The parent structure of the family of 1,4-naphthoquinones, in which the oxo groups of the quinone moiety are at positions 1 and 4 of the naphthalene ring. Derivatives have pharmacological properties. naphthoquinone : A polycyclic aromatic ketone metabolite of naphthalene. | 1,4-naphthoquinones | |
| glycyrrhetinic acid | cyclic terpene ketone; hydroxy monocarboxylic acid; pentacyclic triterpenoid | immunomodulator; plant metabolite | |
| epigallocatechin gallate | (-)-epigallocatechin 3-gallate : A gallate ester obtained by the formal condensation of gallic acid with the (3R)-hydroxy group of (-)-epigallocatechin. epigallocatechin gallate: a steroid 5alpha-reductase inhibitor and antimutagen in green tea (Camellia sinensis) | flavans; gallate ester; polyphenol | antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; apoptosis inducer; geroprotector; Hsp90 inhibitor; neuroprotective agent; plant metabolite |
| propazole | propazole: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure | benzimidazoles | |
| tretinoin | all-trans-retinoic acid : A retinoic acid in which all four exocyclic double bonds have E- (trans-) geometry. retinoic acid : A retinoid consisting of 3,7-dimethylnona-2,4,6,8-tetraenoic acid substituted at position 9 by a 2,6,6-trimethylcyclohex-1-en-1-yl group (geometry of the four exocyclic double bonds is not specified). Tretinoin: An important regulator of GENE EXPRESSION during growth and development, and in NEOPLASMS. Tretinoin, also known as retinoic acid and derived from maternal VITAMIN A, is essential for normal GROWTH; and EMBRYONIC DEVELOPMENT. An excess of tretinoin can be teratogenic. It is used in the treatment of PSORIASIS; ACNE VULGARIS; and several other SKIN DISEASES. It has also been approved for use in promyelocytic leukemia (LEUKEMIA, PROMYELOCYTIC, ACUTE). | retinoic acid; vitamin A | anti-inflammatory agent; antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; AP-1 antagonist; human metabolite; keratolytic drug; retinoic acid receptor agonist; retinoid X receptor agonist; signalling molecule |
| acetyl-11-ketoboswellic acid | acetyl-11-ketoboswellic acid: a 5-lipoxygenase inhibitor; structure given in first source | triterpenoid |