response to nitroglycerin
Definition
Target type: biologicalprocess
Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a nitroglycerin stimulus. [GO_REF:0000071, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:25626975]
Nitroglycerin, a potent vasodilator, exerts its effects by releasing nitric oxide (NO) within the smooth muscle cells of blood vessels. NO activates guanylate cyclase, leading to an increase in cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) levels. This elevation in cGMP causes smooth muscle relaxation, resulting in vasodilation.
The vasodilatory effects of nitroglycerin primarily target the veins, leading to a reduction in preload (the volume of blood returning to the heart) and subsequently decreasing cardiac workload. This reduced workload alleviates the symptoms of angina (chest pain) by improving blood flow to the heart muscle.
Nitroglycerin also causes vasodilation of arteries, leading to a decrease in afterload (the resistance the heart must overcome to pump blood). This effect further reduces cardiac workload and can improve blood flow to other tissues.
The biological process of response to nitroglycerin involves a cascade of events initiated by the release of NO, leading to smooth muscle relaxation and vasodilation. This vasodilation primarily affects veins, reducing preload and improving blood flow to the heart, ultimately alleviating angina symptoms.
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Proteins (1)
| Protein | Definition | Taxonomy |
|---|---|---|
| Tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase | A tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:DNx, UniProtKB:P48775] | Homo sapiens (human) |
Compounds (13)
| Compound | Definition | Classes | Roles |
|---|---|---|---|
| tryptophan | tryptophan : An alpha-amino acid that is alanine bearing an indol-3-yl substituent at position 3. Tryptophan: An essential amino acid that is necessary for normal growth in infants and for NITROGEN balance in adults. It is a precursor of INDOLE ALKALOIDS in plants. It is a precursor of SEROTONIN (hence its use as an antidepressant and sleep aid). It can be a precursor to NIACIN, albeit inefficiently, in mammals. | erythrose 4-phosphate/phosphoenolpyruvate family amino acid; L-alpha-amino acid; L-alpha-amino acid zwitterion; proteinogenic amino acid; tryptophan; tryptophan zwitterion | antidepressant; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; micronutrient; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical; plant metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| chaetochromin | chaetochromin: from Chaetomium spp.; RN given refers to chaetochromin A | ||
| norharman | beta-carboline : The parent compound of the beta-carbolines, a tricyclic structure comprising an indole ring system ortho- fused to C-3 and C-4 of a pyridine ring. norharman: RN given refers to parent cpd | beta-carbolines; mancude organic heterotricyclic parent | fungal metabolite; marine metabolite |
| tryptanthrine | tryptanthrine: minor constituent of traditional Chinese medicine qing dai | alkaloid antibiotic; organic heterotetracyclic compound; organonitrogen heterocyclic compound | |
| 4-(2-thiazolylazo)resorcinol | 4-(2-thiazolylazo)resorcinol: sensitive indicator for metals | ||
| celastrol | monocarboxylic acid; pentacyclic triterpenoid | anti-inflammatory drug; antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor; Hsp90 inhibitor; metabolite | |
| cryptotanshinone | cryptotanshinone: from Salvia miltiorrhiza | abietane diterpenoid | anticoronaviral agent |
| tanshinone ii a | tashinone IIA: a cardiovascular agent with antineoplastic activity; isolated from Salvia miltiorrhiza; structure in first source | abietane diterpenoid | |
| nsc 36398 | NSC 36398: structure in first source | ||
| harman | harman : An indole alkaloid fundamental parent with a structure of 9H-beta-carboline carrying a methyl substituent at C-1. It has been isolated from the bark of Sickingia rubra, Symplocus racemosa, Passiflora incarnata, Peganum harmala, Banisteriopsis caapi and Tribulus terrestris, as well as from tobacco smoke. It is a specific, reversible inhibitor of monoamine oxidase A. harman: a beta-carboline; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure | harmala alkaloid; indole alkaloid; indole alkaloid fundamental parent | anti-HIV agent; EC 1.4.3.4 (monoamine oxidase) inhibitor; plant metabolite |
| 680c91 | 680C91 : A fluoroindole that is 6-fluoroindole in which the hydrogen at position 3 has been replaced by a 2-(pyridin-3-yl)vinyl group (trans configuration). It is a selective inhibitor of tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase (TDO), which directs the conversion of trypophan to kynurenin. | fluoroindole; olefinic compound; pyridines | EC 1.13.11.11 (tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase) inhibitor |
| beta-3-oxindolylalanine | beta-3-oxindolylalanine: main intermediate in tryptophan degration occurring in acid hydrolysis of protein | ||
| stf 083010 | STF 083010: inhibits Ire1 endonuclease; structure in first source |