regulation of centriole replication

Definition

Target type: biologicalprocess

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the formation of a daughter centriole of an existing centriole. [GOC:ai]

Centriole replication is a tightly regulated process that ensures the accurate duplication of these essential microtubule-organizing centers. The process involves a complex interplay of proteins and signaling pathways, which are coordinated to maintain the proper number of centrioles in each cell.

**Initiation:**
* **Licensing:** The process begins with licensing of the existing centriole to serve as a template for the formation of a new daughter centriole. Licensing involves the recruitment of specific proteins, including Plk4, to the mother centriole.
* **Cartwheel formation:** Plk4 activates the formation of a cartwheel-shaped structure, a key scaffold for centriole assembly. This structure serves as a template for the de novo assembly of the daughter centriole.
* **Recruitment of centriolar proteins:** As the cartwheel assembles, other centriolar proteins are recruited to the site, including SAS6, STIL, and CEP135. These proteins contribute to the structural integrity and growth of the nascent daughter centriole.

**Elongation and maturation:**
* **Microtubule assembly:** The daughter centriole elongates through the addition of tubulin subunits to its microtubule walls.
* **Centriole maturation:** During elongation, the daughter centriole undergoes maturation, acquiring the characteristic ninefold symmetry of a mature centriole. This process involves the recruitment of specific proteins, including CEP192 and POC1.

**Regulation:**
* **Cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs):** CDKs play a crucial role in regulating centriole replication. CDK2 activity is essential for centriole duplication and is regulated by the cell cycle machinery.
* **Polo-like kinase 4 (Plk4):** Plk4 is a key regulator of centriole duplication, controlling the initiation of centriole assembly.
* **Proteasomal degradation:** The proteasome degrades proteins involved in centriole replication, ensuring that each centriole only duplicates once per cell cycle.
* **Feedback mechanisms:** The number of centrioles in a cell can be regulated through feedback mechanisms that involve the activity of Plk4 and other proteins.

**Control of centriole number:**
* **Centriole counting:** Cells have mechanisms for "counting" the number of centrioles and ensuring that the proper number is present. This involves monitoring the levels of specific proteins involved in centriole replication.
* **Cell cycle checkpoints:** Centriole replication is linked to the cell cycle, with specific checkpoints that prevent the duplication of centrioles outside of the correct cell cycle stage.

**Consequences of dysregulation:**
* **Abnormal cell division:** Errors in centriole replication can lead to abnormal cell division and the formation of cells with aneuploidy (abnormal chromosome number).
* **Centriole amplification:** Excessive centriole duplication can result in centriole amplification, which can contribute to cancer development.
* **Microtubule organization defects:** Aberrant centrioles can disrupt microtubule organization, leading to defects in cell migration, intracellular transport, and other processes.

Centriole replication is a tightly controlled process that is essential for maintaining cellular integrity and proper cell division. Dysregulation of this process can have serious consequences for cell function and organismal development.'"

Proteins (2)

Compounds (86)