RNA repair

Definition

Target type: biologicalprocess

Any process that results in the repair of damaged RNA. [PMID:11000254, PMID:11070075, UniProtKB-KW:KW-0692]

RNA repair is a critical cellular process that maintains the integrity and functionality of RNA molecules. These molecules play essential roles in gene expression, protein synthesis, and numerous other cellular processes. Damage to RNA can occur due to various factors, including exposure to reactive oxygen species, ultraviolet radiation, and chemical agents.

RNA repair mechanisms involve a series of enzymatic steps aimed at detecting, removing, and replacing damaged nucleotides. The specific repair pathways vary depending on the type of damage and the RNA molecule involved.

One prominent repair pathway is base excision repair (BER), which targets damaged or modified bases. BER involves a series of enzymes, including DNA glycosylases, that recognize and remove damaged bases from RNA. This process is followed by the insertion of a correct nucleotide by a polymerase and the ligation of the newly synthesized strand to the original RNA molecule.

Another significant repair pathway is nucleotide excision repair (NER), which removes bulky DNA lesions, such as pyrimidine dimers formed by ultraviolet radiation. NER involves a complex series of protein interactions, including the recognition of the lesion, excision of the damaged DNA segment, and resynthesis of the excised region.

RNA repair pathways are crucial for maintaining cellular homeostasis and protecting against the detrimental effects of RNA damage. Defects in these pathways can lead to various pathologies, including cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, and premature aging.
'
```
"

Proteins (1)

Compounds (15)