astrocyte-dopaminergic neuron signaling
Definition
Target type: biologicalprocess
Cell-cell signaling that mediates the transfer of information from an astrocyte to a dopaminergic neuron. [GOC:bf, GOC:PARL, PMID:12794311, PMID:21752258]
Astrocytes, a type of glial cell, play a crucial role in modulating dopaminergic neuron activity in the brain. They communicate with dopaminergic neurons through a complex interplay of signaling pathways, involving both direct and indirect mechanisms. Direct communication involves the release of neurotransmitters like glutamate and ATP by astrocytes, which can directly activate dopaminergic neurons. Astrocytes can also release gliotransmitters, such as D-serine, which can modulate the activity of NMDA receptors on dopaminergic neurons. Indirect communication involves the regulation of the extracellular environment by astrocytes. They can regulate the concentration of neurotransmitters, ions, and other signaling molecules in the synaptic cleft. For example, astrocytes can take up glutamate and GABA, preventing their accumulation and potentially excitotoxic effects. They also play a role in potassium buffering, maintaining the ionic balance in the extracellular space. Furthermore, astrocytes can release signaling molecules, such as cytokines and chemokines, which can influence the survival, growth, and plasticity of dopaminergic neurons. Astrocytes also express various receptors, including dopamine receptors, and can respond to changes in dopamine levels. This bidirectional signaling between astrocytes and dopaminergic neurons is essential for maintaining proper brain function, particularly in regions involved in reward, motivation, and motor control. Disruptions in this signaling can contribute to the development of neurological disorders, such as Parkinson's disease, where the loss of dopaminergic neurons leads to motor dysfunction. Understanding the intricate mechanisms of astrocyte-dopaminergic neuron signaling is crucial for developing novel therapeutic strategies for these disorders.'
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Proteins (1)
| Protein | Definition | Taxonomy |
|---|---|---|
| Catenin beta-1 | A catenin beta-1 that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:WCB, UniProtKB:P35222] | Homo sapiens (human) |
Compounds (6)
| Compound | Definition | Classes | Roles |
|---|---|---|---|
| salvin | salvin: a biocyclic diterpenoid; from sage and rosemary (Lamiaceae) | abietane diterpenoid; carbotricyclic compound; catechols; monocarboxylic acid | angiogenesis modulating agent; anti-inflammatory agent; antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; apoptosis inducer; food preservative; HIV protease inhibitor; plant metabolite |
| toxoflavin | toxoflavin : A pyrimidotriazine that is 1,6-dimethyl-1,5,6,7-tetrahydropyrimido[5,4-e][1,2,4]triazine with oxo groups at positions 5 and 7. toxoflavin: azapteridine antibiotic; structure | carbonyl compound; pyrimidotriazine | antibacterial agent; antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; bacterial metabolite; toxin; virulence factor; Wnt signalling inhibitor |
| cercosporin | cercosporin : An organic heterohexacyclic compound that is perylo[1,12-def][1,3]dioxepine-6,11-dione substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 5 and 12, by methoxy groups at positions 7 and 10, and by 2-hydroxypropyl groups at positions 8 and 9 (the R,R-stereoisomer). It is a phytotoxin which was first isolated from the pathogenic soybean fungus, Cercospora kikuchii and later found in multiple members of the genus Cercospora. cercosporin: phyytotoxin from Cercospora beticola Sacc; posses photodynamic action on mice, bacteria & plants | ||
| LSM-42773 | aromatic ketone | ||
| etodolac, (-)-isomer | (R)-etodolac : The R-enantiomer of etodolac. It is inactive, in contrast to the enantiomer, (S)-etodolac, which is a preferential inhibitor of cyclo-oxygenase 2 and a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory. The racemate is commonly used for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis, and for the alleviation of postoperative pain. | etodolac | |
| ucn 1028 c | calphostin C: structure given in first source; isolated from Cladosporium cladosporioides |